The Levels And Significance Of NLRP3 Inflammasome And Its Downstream Inflammatory Factors In OSA Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis Under Cigarette Exposure

Objective: To study the relativity between Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-like receptor in tobacco exposure Containing Pyrin Domain 3(NLRP3)inflammatory body and its downstream inflammatory factors with Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)combined with Carotid atherosclerosis(Carotid atherosclerosis).Further exploring the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in OSA patients,so as to provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of OSA target organ damage and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods: A total of 109 adult males who underwent Polysomnography(PSG)and carotid artery ultrasonography in our hospital from October 2019 to December 2021 were selected.According to the detection results,they were divided into OSA group,CAS group and OSA combined CAS group,as well as 29 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination at the same time.The age,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,apnea hyponea index(AHI)and lowest blood oxygen saturation(LSa O2),carotid artery intima thickness(CIMT),levels of blood sugar,blood lipid and serum NLRP3,interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),interleukin-18(IL-18)of all subjects were recorded in detail.The correlation between OSA combined with CAS was analyzed statistically,and the risk factors of CAS in OSA patients were further discussed.Results :1.The LDLc level and AHI of OSA combined with CAS group were higher than OSA group and CAS group,and LSa O2 was lower than OSA group and CAS group;Compared with normal control group,the levels of serum NLRP3,IL-1β and IL-18 were increased in OSA group.The levels of serum NLRP3,IL-1β and IL-18 in OSA combined with CAS group were higher than those in OSA group and CAS group,no matter smoking or not.The above differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).2.AHI,LDLc,NLRP3,IL-1β,IL-18 were significantly positively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in OSA under cigarette exposure(r =0.426,0.0575,0.135,0.379,0.360,P < 0.05).LSa O2 was negatively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in OSA(r =-0.621,P < 0.05).AHI,LSa O2,LDLc,NLRP3,IL-1β are the risk factors for OSA combine with carotid atherosclerosis.Conclusion: Under cigarette exposure,AHI,LSa O2,LDLc,NLRP3,IL-1β and IL-18 are significantly associated with OSA combine with carotid atherosclerosis.AHI,LDLc,NLRP3 and IL-1β are the important risk factors for OSA combine with carotid atherosclerosis in cigarette exposure.The levels of AHI,LSa O2,LDLc,NLRP3 and IL-1β play a certain role in predicting the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in OSA,which can provide certain auxiliary diagnostic value for the clinical occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in OSA.