Diagnostic Value Of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping In Parkinson’s Disease And Its Cognitive Function

Objective:Parkinson’s disease(Parkinson diseases,PD)is made up of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra progressive degeneration caused by chronic nervous system degenerative disease,its clinical symptoms in addition to the common movement dysfunction,late in the disease can also be combined,such as cognitive dysfunction,apathy,anxiety,depression,such as the motor symptoms,serious impact on the patient’s quality of life.Parkinson’s disease is the second most common movement disorder in the world,second only to Alzheimer’s disease.The incidence rate of Parkinson’s disease is about 2% in adults over 60 years old,and gradually increases with age,reaching 5% in the elderly population over 85 years old.Of Parkinson’s disease pathology of substantia nigra compacta selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the cytoplasm of inclusion body protein accumulation,namely the accumulation of Louis’ s small body,but its pathogenesis has not been clear,related research at home and abroad,according to the midbrain nigra iron accumulation and striatum dopaminergic neuron dysfunction closely associated with Parkinson’s disease.Quantitative magnetic susceptibility Mapping(QSM)can quantify iron content in the body by quantifying magnetic susceptibility of tissues.Relevant research results show that quantitative determination of iron content in the substantia nigra can be used for the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and has important clinical value.In this study,we analyzed the relationship between the magnetic susceptibility of striatum and substantia nigra and the clinical diagnosis,course of Parkinson’s disease,HY grading and cognitive function of Parkinson’s disease in patients with Parkinson’s disease,and explored the application value of QSM imaging in clinical diagnosis,course of disease and cognitive status assessment of Parkinson’s disease.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed 30 patients(14 males and 16 females,aged58-82 years)who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of Bethune Hospital of Shanxi Province from August 2020 to October 2021 and were clinically diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease.According to HY(Hoehn-Yahr)grading criteria,the selected PD patients were divided into early and middle PD group and late PD group,and 20 healthy subjects with similar age were selected as the control group.Subjects were evaluated for overall Cognitive function using Montreal Cognitive Assessment(Mo CA).Pd patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups according to their Cognitive function according to the classification standard of Movement Disorders Association grade I: Parkinson’s disease group with normal cognitive function(PD-NMCI)and Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment(PD-MCI).Conventional cranial magnetic resonance and quantitative magnetic susceptibility imaging(QSM)scans were performed in all patients and normal controls.Magnetic susceptibility values of bilateral striatum and substantia nigra were measured,and the average values of both sides were used as research data.Independent sample T test was used to statistically analyze the magnetic susceptibility of the striatum and substantia nigra in PD patients,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to statistically analyze the correlation between the magnetic susceptibility of the striatum and substantia nigra and PD course,HY grade and cognitive function.Results:Compared with normal control group,magnetic susceptibility of striatum and substantia nigra in PD patients increased and the difference was statistically significant.The magnetic susceptibility of the substantia nigra in PD group was positively correlated with the course of disease and HY grading(R =0.435,P=0.016;R = 0.416,P = 0.022).There was a significant negative correlation between cognitive status and magnetic susceptibility of caudate nucleus in PD-MCI group(R =-0.433,P= 0.014).Conclusion:QSM imaging can quantitatively measure magnetic susceptibility of the striatum and substantia nigra to assess the amount of iron deposition in the brain of PD patients.QSM imaging can be used for clinical diagnosis of PD.Meanwhile,QSM imaging has important clinical value in the course of disease,disease evaluation and cognitive function evaluation of PD patients.