Edible Ginger-derived Exosomes Loaded With Paclitaxel As A Novel Drug-delivery Approach And Its Antitumor Activity In Vitro

Paclitaxel is a natural secondary metabolite isolated and purified from the bark of the plant Taxus chinensis,which has special effects on a variety of cancers with high incidence.Because paclitaxel is poorly water-soluble and affected by P-gp efflux,its oral bioavailability is low.At present,paclitaxel is mainly administered by intravenous injection,but this method of administration requires continuous medical observation and more medical resources.Therefore,we hope to improve the oral bioavailability of paclitaxel by loading paclitaxel with a novel nanocarrier.Exosomes are small vesicles of 30 nm-150 nm secreted into the extracellular space by animals or plants.It plays an important role in intercellular communication and can transport various small molecular compounds such as DNA,RNA and lipids.Since exosomes are substances secreted by cells themselves to the outside of cells,they have the characteristics of biocompatibility,low immunogenicity,and high transport efficiency.Besides,exosomes can evade phagocytosis in organisms.As a natural nanocarrier,exosomes can encapsulate drugs within them and deliver them to desired locations in the body.Existing studies have explored the main components and intestinal absorption effects of ginger exosomes.They found that ginger exosomes have good drug loading capacity and can be effectively absorbed by the small intestine of rats,providing experimental basis and data support for ginger exosomes for drug loading.Therefore,in this experiment,ginger-derived exosomes were loaded with paclitaxel,and the co-incubation drug loading conditions were optimized.In this experiment,we studied the stability,release efficiency and biosafety of the preparation,and preliminarily explored the antitumor activity of the preparation in vitro.In this experiment,we used differential ultracentrifugation to extract ginger exosomes.And we purify and characterize the exosomes.Next,we explored the drug loading efficiency of paclitaxel and ginger exosome under different co-incubation experimental conditions,so as to obtain the best co-incubation drug loading conditions.Finally,we investigated the formulation stability,biosafety,and in vitro anti-cervical cancer effects of paclitaxel-loaded exosomes.The experimental results show that loading paclitaxel through ginger exosomes can delay the release rate of paclitaxel in vitro and improve the antitumor activity of paclitaxel,thereby achieving better therapeutic effects.