Differences In Growth And Development Characteristics And Fruit Quality And Wax Quality Of Different Varieties Of Sweet Cherries In Lhasa

Sweet cherry(Prunus.avium L.),a genus of plum in the family Rosaceae,is a perennial woody plant and is one of the fruit trees that currently sells for high prices and benefits in international and domestic markets.After investigation it was found that the quality of the fruit and the post-harvest storage time of the fruit have a direct impact on the price as well as the sales of sweet cherries.Therefore,it is of great theoretical significance and practical value for the development of the sweet cherry industry in Tibet to record and observe the growth and development of different varieties of sweet cherries,and on this basis to systematically analyze and compare the quality differences between different sweet cherry varieties and the differences in fruit surface wax,so as to screen out the comprehensive and excellent varieties that are more suitable for growing in Tibet.In this paper,we use ’Odd’,’Cosmos’,’Rabins’,’Labins’,’Serbian’,and ’Serbian’ introduced from Yangling Demonstration Zone in Shaanxi Province by the Institute of Vegetables,Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences of Tibet Autonomous Region in 2018,’Serbia’,’Qin cherry No.1’,’Yan Yang’and ’Samitra’ seven sweet cherry varieties as experimental The growth and development of sweet cherries were recorded during the growth period,and after the fruit ripened,the appearance and intrinsic nutritional quality of sweet cherries of different varieties were measured and then statistically analyzed as well as the wax microstructure was observed.The growth and development of sweet cherries included the phenological stage,the budding rate,the flowers and the branches of sweet cherries;the fruit appearance quality included the fruit cross diameter,the fruit longitudinal length,the fruit weight,the fruit shape index and the fruit hardness;the intrinsic nutritional quality included the soluble solids,soluble sugars,titratable acids and the sugar-acid ratio;the wax structure observation was performed by scanning electron microscope on the fruit skin of different varieties of sweet cherries.The wax structure observation is to observe the wax microstructure and wax crystal distribution of each sweet cherry variety at different magnifications,analyze the wax microstructure differences of different varieties of sweet cherries,and screen out the varieties that are more resistant to storage and transportation by combining the growth and development of different varieties of sweet cherries and fruit quality.It provides reference for better storage and transportation of sweet cherry fruits in the later stage.The main study results are presented as follows:(1)From the growth and development of different varieties:’Yangyang’ has the earliest flowering,fruiting and ripening time among several varieties,and the budding rate and plant height growth are also the most prominent among several varieties;’Serbia’ has the second highest budding rate after ’Serbia’ is second to ’Sunshine’ in sprouting rate and has the best growth of stem circumference and crown width compared with other varieties;’Rabbins’ has the earliest sprouting rate but the longest fruit development time among several varieties;’Oder The pistil height and corolla diameter during flowering are the most prominent among the varieties,but the flowering,fruiting and ripening time are the latest among the varieties.’are stronger in terms of growth and development.(2)’Aude’ had the highest soluble solids content but the lowest values of longitudinal and longitudinal longitudinal length,fruit shape index and hardness;’Cosmos’ had the highest ratio of soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio among several varieties.The quality of different varieties of sweet cherry varieties are different,after comprehensive ranking,the ranking from the highest to the lowest are Cosmos,Rabins,Yan Yang,Serbia,Samitra,Aude,Qinzhuo No.1.(3)In the correlation analysis of the fruit quality of different varieties of sweet cherry,it can be seen that the highly significant positive correlations were: soluble solids with soluble sugar and sugar-acid ratio,hardness with fruit shape index;the significant positive correlations were:sugar-acid ratio with single fruit weight,hardness with single fruit weight,fruit shape index with single fruit weight;the highly significant negative correlations were: soluble solids with fruit shape index,soluble sugar with fruit shape index,titratable acid with single fruit weight.The significant negative correlations were: soluble solids with titratable acid and hardness,soluble sugar with titratable acid and hardness,titratable acid with sugar-acid ratio and hardness,and fruit shape index(4)From the wax crystal structure of different varieties of sweet cherry peel,the wax microstructures of different varieties of sweet cherry peel all differed,with ’Cosmos’ and ’Serbia’ having at most four types of crystal structure shapes,’Sunshine ’ and ’Rabbins’ had the next highest number of 3 crystal structure shapes,and ’Samitra’,’Oder’ and ’ Qinzhuo 1’have the least number of 2 species.Their wax distribution are all different.(5)On the whole,’Cosmos’,’Yangyang’ and ’Serbia’ can be regarded as the main cultivars in Tibet;’Rabins ’ has the highest hardness among several varieties and is significantly higher than the others,and can be planted on demand.