Research On Reducing Effect Of Fertilizer And Improving Strategy Of Straw Returning Technology Used By Farmers

As one of the important factors of agricultural production,fertilizer is an important way to increase and stabilize grain production.However,irrational fertilizer application behavior characterized by high input,high energy consumption and high pollution for a long time leads to a series of problems affecting sustainable development,such as low fertilizer application efficiency,soil poverty and agricultural product safety.As a kind of green production technology with both effective utilization of resources and reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizer,straw returning technology has obvious improvement effects on the pollution of non-point agricultural source caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizer in our country.How effective is straw returning technology in agricultural operation? What are the factors influencing farmers to adopt straw returning technology? Can straw returning technology reduce fertilizer application to some extent?What strategies can improve the fertilizer reduction effect of straw returning technology?The clarification of the above problems provides a certain reference value for the scientific popularization of straw returning technology and effective control of agricultural non-point source pollution.In view of this,this study takes 686 grain growers in Hubei and Henan provinces as the research object,builds a logical analysis framework of "technology adoption-fertilizer reduction-increase strategy" based on the theory of farmer behavior,technology reception theory and sustainable development theory,and gradually discusses from the shallow to the deep.Firstly,the endogenous conversion model(ESR)was used to identify the influencing factors of farmers adopting straw returning technology.Secondly,the fertilizer reduction effect of straw returning technology was studied under the counterfactual framework.Finally,multiple endogenous treatment effect model(METE)was used to further discuss the increasing strategy of fertilizer reduction effect of straw returning technology.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Individual characteristics,family characteristics,household cognition,external conditions and other factors affect farmers’ adoption behavior of straw returning technology.Older farmers are more likely to adopt straw returning technology,while those with longer farming years are less willing to adopt it.Farmers with larger scale of operation are more likely to adopt straw returning technology,but the farmland fragmentation will reduce the enthusiasm of farmers to adopt technology.Improving the cognition of soil improvement can promote farmers to adopt straw returning technology.Stronger policy publicity can improve farmers’ recognition and adoption of straw returning technology.Farmers with distant market are more inclined to adopt straw returning technology.(2)The fertilizer reduction effect of straw returning technology is obvious.When farmers adopt straw returning technology,the fertilizer application is reduced by 3.60%-6.28%.The calculation results of subdivided fertilizer types showed that straw returning technology also played a reducing effect on the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.Among them,nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 0.21%to 17.46%,phosphate fertilizer by 13.74% to 18.54%,and potassium fertilizer by 8.75% to16.90%.(3)Technology combination can improve fertilizer reduction effect.Compared with the farmers who did not adopt green production technology,the fertilizer application of farmers who only adopted straw returning technology reduced by 12.6%,those who only adopted organic fertilizer replacement technology reduced by 18.8%,and those who adopted technology combination reduced by 30.6%.Compared with only straw returning technology and only organic fertilizer replacement technology,the reduction effect of fertilizer of farmers using the technology combination was increased by 18.0 and 11.8percentage points.Based on the above conclusions,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:Based on the above conclusions,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward:(1)To strengthen the continuous promotion of straw returning technology,identify the obstacles faced by straw returning technology in the process of promotion,and take relevant policies and measures to overcome the difficulties of technology promotion;(2)Promote farmers to use straw returning technology to achieve fertilizer reduction effect,strengthen farmers’ guided cultivation of fertilizer reduction application,improve farmers’ cognition of fertilizer reduction effect of straw returning technology,and promote farmers to use straw returning technology to reduce fertilizer input;(3)In order to formulate a scientific and effective technology combination strategy,it is necessary to pay attention to the relative advantages and complementary relations between green production technologies to carry out flexible technology combination,build a multi-green production technology promotion system with the help of social service organizations,and improve the fertilizer reduction effect of technology combination.