| Lentinula edodes is the largest category of artificially cultivated edible mushrooms in China,with high edible and medicinal value.Currently,most of China’s L.edodes cultivation uses oak sawdust as the main raw material for bag cultivation.With the continuous development of the L.edodes industry,the demand for oak sawdust has rapidly increased,causing significant pressure on forest environmental protection in China.China is an agricultural country with abundant crop straw resources.If L.edodes can be cultivated using crop straw without affecting the yield and flavor quality,it can not only reduce excessive reliance on forest resources but also improve the utilization rate of crop straw resources,reduce environmental pollution and waste caused by burning straw,and promote the development of China’s ecological environment protection.There are mainly two reasons why crop straw cannot be widely used in L.edodes cultivation.First,due to the insufficient content of lignin,it can only replace some sawdust,and the replacement ratio is not clear.Second,crop straw is loose in texture with low density,making it difficult to store,transport,and use for bagging.However,after being compressed into biomass pellets,the density of crop straw increases,the volume decreases,and it becomes easier to store,transport,and less prone to decay.In this study,corn stalk biomass pellets were used as experimental materials,and ten L.edodes strains,Huxiang F2 and L215,were selected for testing the suitable formula and excellent strain selection of L.edodes biomass pellets.The main experimental results are as follows:1.In terms of mycelial growth rate and full bag time,both tested strains performed best with formula 18(80% coarse sawdust).Formula 7(10% corn stalk biomass pellets +70% fine sawdust)showed relatively good performance,with no significant difference compared to the control sawdust formula.The study found that as the proportion of biomass pellets in the formula increased,the bags became harder,the weight per bag increased,the bag color became lighter,and the fruiting period was delayed.2.In terms of pileus diameter,pileus thickness,stipe diameter,stipe length,pileus weight,single fruiting body weight,total yield,total biology efficiency,crude polysaccharide content,and protein content of the fruiting body,the tested strain Huxiang F2 performed better in formulas 12(80% fine sawdust)and 14(20% corn stalk biomass pellets + 60% coarse sawdust).The tested strain L215 performed better in formula 18(80%coarse sawdust).3.In terms of carbon-nitrogen content and carbon-nitrogen ratio,the carbon-nitrogen content and ratio of the control group’s cultivation substrate were significantly higher than those of the biomass pellet formula before inoculation.After harvest,the formula with the highest carbon-nitrogen ratio was formula 13(10% corn stalk biomass pellets + 70% coarse sawdust).4.51 volatile flavor substances,such as alkanes,aldehydes,alcohols,and ketones,were determined in L.edodes.It was found that the relative content of alkanes was the highest.Cluster analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the overall volatile substances among the different formulas tested,indicating that using corn stalk biomass pellets as the main raw material for L.edodes cultivation substrate has little impact on the mushroom flavor.5.The results of grey relational analysis showed that in biomass pellet formulas 14(20% corn stalk biomass pellets + 60% coarse sawdust)and 15(30% corn stalk biomass pellets + 50% coarse sawdust),the tested strain Huxiang F2 performed better overall than the control formula.The tested strain L215 performed better overall than the control group in formulas 12(80% fine sawdust)and 18(80% coarse sawdust).6.Based on the results of grey relational analysis,formulas 14 and 15,which showed better performance,were selected to screen for L.edodes strains suitable for pellet formula cultivation in the main production area of Suizhou City.In terms of mycelial growth rate and full bag time,L0912 strain performed better in formula 14,while L16 strain performed better in formula 15.As for pileus diameter,pileus thickness,stipe diameter,stipe length,pileus weight,single fruiting body weight,total yield,total biology efficiency,crude polysaccharide content,and protein content,the tested L16 and S808 strains performed better in formula14.The S808 strains performed better in formula 15.Grey relational analysis found that the L16 strain was the best in formula 14,while the L215 strain was the best in formula 15.However,the tested strains Huxiang F4,L1504,and YS44 were not suitable for cultivation using corn stalk biomass pellets as the substrate.This article screened the most suitable corn stalk biomass pellet cultivation substrate formula and its corresponding strain by studying the phenotypic characteristics of L.edodes strains in different ratios of corn stalk biomass pellets.This laid a foundation for the largescale application of corn stalk biomass pellets in L.edodes bag cultivation and has broad application prospects. |
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