| As a typical representative of Jiangnan tea garden,Zhejiang tea area,based on its unique cultivation mode and environmental conditions,has certain differences in the species of tea pests and spiders compared with other tea areas.The central Zhejiang region has a mild climate and abundant rainfall,which meets the suitable conditions for the growth of tea trees.The tea produced in Central Zhejiang tea area is green in color,lance-like in shape,and has a clear fragrance,which has good economic and ecological benefits.However,the research on the dynamics of pests and spiders in its tea garden has not been reported.This study selected representative tea gardens in Lanxi City,Zhejiang Province for a systematic survey to clarify the main pests and dominant species of spiders.Based on the ecological principles and methods,the spider species with potential for pest control were selected,and their predation efficiency against target pests was further explored.This study provides new ideas for the green control of pests in tea gardens,and is of great significance for tapping the potential of spiders in the biological control of pests.The main findings are as follows:1.Through systematic investigation,38 species of pests were identified in Lanxi tea garden,of which Ectropis grisescens and Empoasca onukii were the main pests.Six generations of E.grisescens occur throughout the year,the overwintering adults begin to appear in the first ten days of March,and the larval quantity reaches the peak in the second ten days of August;E.onukii occur for about 10 generations throughout the year,with a single peak trend.It has been identified that there are 22 species of spiders in the canopy of tea trees,and 5 species of dominant species of spiders.Among them,Plexippus setipes have the highest correlation with E.grisescens and E.onukii,and there is a relationship between predation and predation.2.The predation potential of P.setipes to E.grisescens and E.onukii was evaluated by fitting the predation model,and it was found that the predation function response of adult spiders to E.grisescens larvae conformed to Holling II model,and it has the strongest control effect on the first instar larvae,and its search effect decreases with the increase of larval density.It likes to prey on the younger instar larvae,and the interaction reaction between individuals conforms to Hassell model;In addition,P.setipes can prey on E.onukii at different stages of development,and the functional response to predation is also in line with Holling II model.Adult spiders have the strongest pest control efficiency,and the search effect decreases with the increase of prey density.The results showed that P.setipes had better control ability and predation potential to E.grisescens and E.onukii under indoor conditions.3.The actual predation preference of P.setipes in the field can be comprehensively estimated by studying the indoor prey preference and analyzing the intestinal DNA residue of predators,it was found that under indoor conditions,the preference of P.setipes to E.onukii was significantly higher than that of E.grisescens larvae,while the predation tendency of male and female spiders was similar;in the wild,only adult spiders and sub-adult spiders prey on E.onukii,and both males and females have the same predation intensity.The above results indicate that P.setipes may have a certain predation tendency in the actual field environment,it may be more effective in predating E.onukii than E.grisescens. |
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