| Gastrointestinal mucosal immunity is the most important part of mucosal immunity,and intestinal mucosal immunity is a hot research topic in the field of immunology.Wen-hui wang,a professor at the research,the bactrian camel rennet specific organs of the mucosa associated lymphoid tissue,abomasum lymph node staging area(Aggregatedlymphoidnodulesarea,ALNA),also proved the importance of the bactrian camel gastric mucosal immune.In order to explore the difference between gastric mucosal immunity and intestinal mucosal immunity of Bactrian camel,this study took Alashan Bactrian camel as the research object,and divided it into young group(1～2 years old),pubertal group(3～5 years old),middle-aged group(6～16 years old)and old group(17～20 years old)according to age.The methods of histology,immunohistochemistry and statistics were used to study the following aspects:(1)The gastrointestinal mucosal effect area of bactrian camel in different age groups was studied by histological method.The results showed that compared with the gastric mucosa effector area,the number of isolated lymphatic follicles in the intestinal mucosa effector area was more,the volume was larger,the germinal center was more obvious,and the number of lymphocytes in the follicle was more.Age-dependent analysis showed that the number of isolated lymphatic follicles in the gastrointestinal mucosal effector area began to increase in childhood,reached its peak in pubertal,and atrophy occurred in old age,but did not disappear completely.(2)The gastrointestinal mucosal induction area of bactrian camel in different age groups was studied by histological method.The results showed that there were more lymphatic follicles,larger volume,more visible germinal centers,and more follicle-associated epithelium in the intestinal mucosa induced area than in the gastric mucosa induced area.Age-dependent analysis showed that the number of lymphatic follicles in the gastrointestinal mucosa induced area increased from childhood,reached a peak in pubertal,and gradually decreased with the growth of age.Atrophy occurred in old age,and the shape of lymphatic follicles also became irregular,and some of them were even replaced by diffuse lymphatic tissue.(3)The distribution characteristics of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in gastrointestinal mucosal effect area of Bactrian camels in different age groups and the change of distribution density with age were investigated by immunohistochemistry and statistics.Immunohistochemical studies showed that IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in different age groups were dispersed in the lamina propria in the effect area of gastrointestinal mucosa.The statistical study showed that the distribution densities of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in the intestinal mucosa effector area were significantly higher in the young,pubertal and middle-aged groups than in the gastric mucosa effector area(P < 0.01),and the distribution densities of IgA+cells and IgG+ cells in the intestinal mucosa effector area were significantly higher in the old group than in the gastric mucosa effector area(P < 0.05).In addition,the distribution density of IgA+ cells was significantly higher than that of IgG+ cells in the gastric mucosa and intestinal mucosa effector regions of young,pubertal and middle-aged groups(P < 0.05).The distribution density of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in the gastric mucosa effector region was not statistically significant in the old group(P > 0.05),but the distribution density of IgA+ cells in the intestinal mucosa effector region was significantly higher than that of IgG+cells(P < 0.05).Age-related studies showed that the distribution density of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in the effect area of gastrointestinal mucosa increased with age,reached a peak in pubertal,and decreased with age,and reached a minimum in old age.(4)The distribution characteristics of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in gastrointestinal mucosal induction area of Bactrian camels in different age groups and the distribution density changes with age were investigated by immunohistochemistry and statistics.Immunohistochemical studies showed that IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in different age groups were dispersed in the lamina propria in the induction area of gastrointestinal mucosa.The statistical study showed that the distribution densities of IgA+cells and IgG+ cells in the intestinal mucosa induction area were significantly higher in young,pubertal and middle-aged groups than in the gastric mucosa induction area(P < 0.01),and the distribution densities of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in the intestinal mucosa induction area were significantly higher in the old group than in the gastric mucosa induction area(P < 0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the distribution density of IgA+ cells and IgG+ cells in the gastric mucosa and intestinal mucosa induction areas in the young,pubertal,middle-aged and old groups(P > 0.05).The age-dependent study showed that the distribution density of IgA+ and IgG+ cells in the induction area of gastric mucosa was not much different between the young,pubertal and middle-aged groups,and the density was relatively highest in the middle-aged group,and showed a decreasing trend with the increase of age.In the induction area of intestinal mucosa,the distribution density of IgA+cells and IgG+ cells increased gradually with the increase of age,reached the peak in pubertal,and decreased gradually with the increase of age and the amplitude was large,and the minimum in old age.The above results showed that the immune function of intestinal mucosal effector area in Bactrian camel was stronger than that of gastric mucosal effector area,and the immune function of intestinal mucosal induction area was stronger than that of gastric mucosal induction area,and the immune function of the body reached its peak in pubertal.It laid the foundation for further study of digestive tract mucosal immunity of Bactrian camel and provided theoretical support for species protection of Bactrian camel. |
