Provenance And Family Selection For Directional Management Of Machilus Pauhoi Based On Main Functional Traits

As precious evergreen broad-leaved afforestation species in China,Machilus pauhoi has beautiful appearance,high economic value and wide application.In this paper,we studied the differences of growth traits,shape traits,wood properties and chemical traits of7-year-old Machilus Pauhoi in Anxi Fengtian forest farm,Quanzhou,Fujian Province,superior provenance and family selection was carried out from the direction utilization of timber,landscaping and industrial materials.The results are as follows:(1)There were significant differences in growth traits between provenances and families.The coefficients of variation of DBH(Diameter of breast height),tree height and volume were 0.36,0.23 and 0.78,respectively.The broad-sense heritability of provenance was 0.96,0.98 and 0.45,and that of family was 0.91,0.96 and 0.93,respectively;There are abundant variations in growth traits among provenances and families,and growth traits are controlled by a high degree of heredity.(2)There were significant differences between provenances and families in tree shape and color-leaf traits of Machilus Pauhoi.The Coefficient of variation of branch angle,mean canopy diameter,under branching height and crown height ratio were 0.18,0.26,0.24 and 0.11,respectively.The broad-sense heritability of provenances were 0.96,0.93,0.97 and 0.76,the broad-sense heritability of families were 0.95,0.91,0.94 and 0.83,respectively.The Coefficient of variation of Anthocyanin and chlorophyll content were 0.62 and 0.94,and the broad-sense heritability of provenances were 0.99 and 0.98,the broadsense heritability of families were 0.97 and 0.99,respectively.There were abundant variations in color-leaf traits among provenances and families.The tree shape and colorleaf traits were controlled by higher degree of heredity.(3)There were no significant differences in cellulose content and microfibril angle among provenances,but the Lignin content and twig density among provenances were opposite,there were significant differences in twig density and microfibril angle between families.The variation coefficients of cellulose,Lignin content,twig density and microfibril angle were 0.14,0.33,0.31 and 0.12,respectively.The broad-sense heritability of provenances were 0.44,0.79,0.67 and 0.61,respectively,the broad-sense heritability of families were 0.74,0.83,0.02 and 0.5,respectively.Except broad-sense heritability of the family with twig density was small,the other traits were all controlled by higher degree of heredity.(4)There were significant differences in pentosan content between provenances and families.The variation coefficient of pentosan content was 0.23,the broad-sense heritability of provenances was 0.8,and the broad-sense heritability of families was 0.54.The pentosan content was highly controlled by heredity.The content and composition of essential oil in leaves were different among provenances and families.Decanal and Nonanal were higher in Suichuan and Anfu provenances in Jiangxi province,and the content of Alloaromadendrene in Fujian Wanmulin was the highest.The contents of Humulene,β-Bourbonene,Caryophyllene,Elemene and α-Muuroleneoleene were higher in Mangdangshan,Fujian Province.The average extraction rate of essential oil from Machilus Pauhoi was 0.067 ± 0.049%.The highest was 0.21% and 0.16% which from family31(Jiande provenance in Zhejiang Province)and family 16(Suichuan provenance in Jiangxi Province).(5)The multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method was used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation values which is suitable for the directional cultivation of Machilus Pauhoi.The superior families which are suitable for landscaping were screened out: Family 4(Mangdangshan provenance in Fujian Province)and family 7 and Family14(Suichuan provenance in Jiangxi Province);The suitable families for timber forest cultivation are: family 10(Suichuan provenance in Jiangxi Province),family 25(Jiande provenance in Zhejiang Province)and family 43(Anfu provenance in Jiangxi Province);Family 14 with high pentosan content(Jiangxi Suichuan County Provenance),family38(Anfu provenance in Jiangxi Province)and family 34(Wanmulin provenance in Fujian Province),and Family 7 and Family 8 with high aldehyde content(Suichuan provenance in Jiangxi Province),2,32 and 35 families with high content of Elemene and phytol(Wanmulin provenance in Fujian Province).These provenances and families can be used to cultivate directional industrial material forest.Family 25(Jiande provenance in Zhejiang Province),family 2(Wanmulin provenance in Fujian Province)and family 15(Suichuan provenance in Jiangxi Province)with high growth traits,which could be screened with wood and chemical characters.