| Pig breeding is a pillar industry in China and plays an important role in ensuring people’s livelihood,food safety and even the balance of international trade.The breeding performance of sows,the performance of parturitionand the effect of breastfeeding,and the effect of weaning piglets are the most important indicators of sow farms.At present,there are two forms of sow farms in China,namely new intensive sow farm and traditional sow farm.The main features of the new intensive sow farm are that the delivery room is clean,the environment is clean,the gestation house design is comfortable,and all sow houses use a leaky floor,and there is a storage tank under the floor to facilitate the cleaning,disinfection and sterilization of the pregnancy house,the delivery room,the nursery pig isolation house and the gilt isolation house.The main characteristics of traditional sow farm are that the input is small,the production scale is small,and it is very friendly to some small and medium-sized farmers.However,at present,the new intensive sow farm(A sow farm)and the traditional farm(B sow farm)lack systematic research on the comparison of core production indicators.In this study,two sow farms with similar production management measures were selected,and the differences in their core production indicators were compared and the possible causes were analyzed,in order to provide a reference for optimizing the configuration of sow farms.The data of the key production indicators of the two kinds of sow farms from January01,2017 to December 31,2020,including the indicators of breeding effect,delivery effect,lactation effect and weaning effect,were taken,and the difference between the production indicators of the two kinds of sow farms was compared by statistical methods.Comparison of breeding effects.The average annual interval between A sow farm was6.64 ± 0.40 days,B sow farm were 7.98 ± 0.52 days,and the interval between A and B farms was significant(P < 0.05).The average annual fertility rate of 35 days was 93.75% ±0.51%in A sow farm,85.65% ± 6.72% in B sow farm,and the difference between A and B farms in35 days was significant(P=0.05).The average annual breeding rate within 7 days after weaning was 91.60% ± 1.34% in farm A,86.70% ± 4.08% in farm B,and the breeding rate in farm A was higher than that in farm B within 7 days after weaning(P=0.06).The number of breedings was 6291±246.7 pigs in A farm,6254 ±313.3 in B farm,and the difference in the number of breeds between A and B farms was not significant(P=0.86).Comparison of delivery effects.The average annual delivery rate,A sow farm was93.80% ±1.03%,B farm was 89.95% ±0.94%,and the difference in delivery rate between A and B farms was significant(P < 0.05).The average annual number of delivery nests was5902±249.1 in A farm,5627 ± 337.3 in B farm,and the difference in the number of birth nests between A and B farms was not significant(P=0.24).The average annual number of live litters was 12.15 ± 0.87 in A sow farm,11.83 ± 0.74 in B sow farm,and the difference in the average number of live litters between A and B farms was not significant(P=0.58).The average annual total number of litters,A sow farm 13.03± 0.25 pigs,B sow farm 12.65±0.24 pigs,A farm average total number of litters has a higher than B farm(P =0.07).Comparison of lactation effects.The average annual number of nursing piglet deaths was 433.3± 64.19 in A farm,557.5 ± 139.4 in B farm,and the number of nursing piglet deaths between A and B farms was not significant(P=0.26).The average annual number of nursing piglets is 4190±528.6 pigs in A farm,4466 ± 229.1 in B farm,and the average number of nursing piglets in A and B farms is not significant(P=0.38).The average annual number of nursing piglets transferred to conservation was 3848 ± 1608 A sow farm,B sow farm was 4227±1331 pigs,and the number of nursing piglets transferred to care between A and B farms were not significant(P=0.73).Weaning effect comparison.The average annual pre-weaning mortality rate was6.78±1.48% in A farm,8.50±2.16% in B farm,and there was no significant difference in pre-weaning mortality rates between A and B farms(P=0.24).The average annual productivity of sows(Pigs weaned per sow per year,PSY)was 21.45 ± 1.20 in A farm,20.50± 1.73 in B farm,and the difference in PSY between A and B farms were not significant(P=0.40).The average annual average weaning day age was 21.95 ± 0.74 days in sow farm A,22.40 ± 1.63 days in sow farm B,and the difference in average weaning days and age between farms A and B were not significant(P=0.63).It can be inferred that the sow production performance of A sow farm and the lactation effect and weaning effect of nursing piglets are better than those of B sow farm,and the sow farm facilities and equipment,feeding maintenance system,self-breeding and self-raising and full in and all out system have a certain impact on the production performance of sows.Conclusion: The mating effects of sow farm A(interval between disconnection,35-day fertility rate,mating rate within 7 days after weaning,number of mating),delivery effect(delivery rate,number of delivery nests,average number of live litters,total number of litters per nest),lactation effect(number of nursing piglet deaths,average number of nursing piglets,number of nursing piglets transferred to care)and weaning effect(pre-weaning mortality rate,sow annual productivity,average weaning day age)were better than those of B farm. |
