Molecular Epidemiology Investigation Of Cryptosporidium In Dairy Cattle And Beef Cattle In Parts Of Shanxi Province

Cryptosporidiosis is a globally distributed zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporidium,with diarrhea as the main clinical manifestation.Hosts with normal immunity can develop self-limited diarrhea,while immunocompromised hosts can develop persistent watery diarrhea,which can lead to death in severe cases.Therefore,this parasite poses a serious threat to public health,human health,and the economic development of animal husbandry.As the main host of Cryptosporidium,cattle greatly increase the risk of zoonotic parasites spreading to humans,posing a serious threat to human health.The investigation of Cryptosporidium of cattle in Shanxi region has not been reported.In this study,858 fresh fecal samples were collected from dairy cattle and beef cattle in large-scale farms and free-ranging in Lingqiu and Yingxian County,Shanxi Province.Based on the SSU r RNA gene of Cryptosporidium and the gp60 gene of Cryptosporidium parvum,nested PCR amplification,sequencing and sequence analysis were carried out to determine the infection,distribution of Cryptosporidium species and subtypes of C.parvum,and the amplification products were digested with restriction endonuclease to determine the mixed infection.The results of this experiment indicate that the total infection rate of bovine Cryptosporidium in some areas of Shanxi is 11.19 %(96/858),the infection rate of bovine Cryptosporidium in Lingqiu and Yingxian were 13.30 % and 8.67 % respectively.There was a statistical difference in the infection rate of bovine Cryptosporidium between the two regions(X2=4.595,P<0.05);In the overall sample,there was a highly significant difference in the infection rate of bovine Cryptosporidium at four different age stages(5.44 %～25.78 %)(X2=48.739,P<0.001);The infection rate of Cryptosporidium in diarrhea cattle was significantly higher than that in nondiarrhea cattle(X2=8.957,P< 0.01);The infection rate of dairy cattle was 10.78 %,while that of beef cattle was 11.50 %.There was no statistically significant difference in the infection rate of Cryptosporidium among different breeds of cattle(X2=0.109,P>0.05);There were five kinds of Cryptosporidium species from cattle in Shanxi,they were: C.andersoni 52.08 %(50 /96),C.bovis 31.25 %(30 /96),C.parvum8.33 %(8 /96),C.ryanae 7.29 %(7 /96),and C.ubiquitum 1.04 %(1 /96)respectively;Both dairy cattle and beef cattle are infected with the first four species,and mixed situation.On the other hand,dairy cattle also infected with C.ubiquitum;The dominant species of Shanxi dairy cattle and beef cattle were both C.andersoni.All Cryptosporidium parvum infected by Shanxi cattle belong to IId A17G1 subtype.This study was the first to study Cryptosporidium in dairy cattle and beef cattle in some areas of Shanxi province.And found that cattle in this area were infected with Cryptosporidium,At the same time,the genetic subtype of Cryptosporidium parvum was identified.The results laid a foundation for the control of Cryptosporidiosis in the local area.