Measurement And Evaluation Of The Efficiency Of Aquaculture Technology Extension In The Coastal Areas Of China

In recent years,with the overall improvement of people’s income level and the upgrading and transformation of food consumption structure,the demand for high-quality protein such as aquatic products has gradually increased.As the core area of China’s fishery development,the coastal area of China is also facing huge pressure on resources and environment as the annual fishery production,consumption and export increase.Therefore,aquaculture industry is gradually becoming the core sector of sustainable development of fisheries.In order to realize the high yield,high quality and efficient development of aquaculture and the sustainable development of industrial modernization,we need to rely on the scientific and technological forces with innovation as the core driving force.The effective transformation of aquaculture technological achievements has become the driving force for the sustainable development of aquaculture industry.The construction of aquaculture technology extension system in the coastal area of China has a history of many years.Aquaculture technology extension system mainly includes practitioners,extension agencies,government and so on.Its efficiency is affected by many environmental factors,such as the level of Internet development,professional quality of practitioners,and income level of farmers.At present,in the construction of aquaculture technology extension system in the east coastal area,the number of extension stations has declined obviously,extension personnel and extension funds tend to be stable,and the area of technical extension guidance has zero growth.It is facing the problems of non-standard construction of technology extension institutions and mobile Internet platforms and low professional quality of extension personnel.Therefore,there may be some problems and improvement space in the promotion efficiency of aquaculture technology in the coastal areas of China.It is of great significance for the development of aquaculture industry to find the breakthrough of efficiency improvement.On the basis of literature research,this paper summarizes the significance,subject,mode and mechanism of aquaculture technology extension,influencing factors and empirical research methods of aquaculture technology extension.By combing through existing studies,relevant concepts are defined,including agricultural innovation theory,agricultural scientific and technological achievements transformation theory,and farmer behavior change theory,to provide theoretical support for the subject research.This paper deduces the three-stage DEA theoretical model,selects the coastal area of China as the sample range and variables,and makes use of China Fishery Statistical Yearbook(2012-2021)to conduct an empirical study on the samples.The empirical analysis shows that: first,the efficiency of aquaculture technology extension in coastal areas of China is affected by environmental factors.Under the background of "Internet +",the development of technology promotion website makes the quantity investment of promotion agencies and the investment of promotion funds redundant.With the improvement of the overall education level of technical extension practitioners,the number of extension agencies and extension personnel input redundancy increases.With the increase of per capita income of fishermen,financial support is provided for the introduction of independent technology,and the investment of extension personnel still has a positive effect on the improvement of fishermen’s income.The increase in the area affected by the disaster increases the redundancy of expenditure.Secondly,after eliminating the influence of random error and management inefficiency,the aquaculture technology promotion efficiency of Liaoning,Shandong,Fujian and Guangdong were the effective areas of DEA.In the process of aquaculture technology extension system construction,the management level,operation capacity and industrial structure adjustment of the four provinces are in an efficient state,forming economies of scale within the industry.Hebei Province,Tianjin Municipality,Shanghai Municipality,Zhejiang Province,Guangxi and Hainan Province are non-DEA effective areas,mainly because the scale efficiency has not reached the efficiency frontier,which can be improved by expanding the scale of promotion.Among them,the pure technical efficiency of aquaculture technology popularization efficiency in Tianjin,Zhejiang Province and Guangxi has not reached the efficiency frontier,so it is necessary to strengthen the construction of management level.Finally,combined with the empirical analysis results and macro factors,this paper analyzed and evaluated the spatio-temporal evolution of aquaculture technology extension efficiency in coastal areas of China,and found the policy reasons and breakthrough points for efficiency changes in different regions.Based on the comprehensive consideration of the existing problems of aquaculture technology promotion in the coastal areas of China,the following policy suggestions are put forward: first,improve and broaden the construction channels,including combining the influence of environmental factors,guiding the rational allocation of factor input,and establishing regular efficiency assessment standards and regulation mechanisms for each extension path.Based on the background of "Internet +",a connectivity platform should be built under the setting of entry threshold standards to realize a resource sharing system across time and space.Second,to build a stronger talent team,mainly including on-the-job personnel training and evaluation standards.Ensure the stability of talent introduction measures,professional research personnel performance evaluation mechanism and incentive measures.Third,establish and improve multi-party cooperation mechanism,mainly including guiding leading enterprises to play a leading role,and driving the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the industry through cooperation.We will strengthen cooperation among governments,extension agencies and research institutions,promote the integrated development of "industry,university,research and application",and improve the efficiency of the application of achievements.The innovation of this paper lies in: first,from the perspective of aquaculture industry in the coastal area of China.A large number of relevant researches focus on the extension system of agricultural technology,while few scholars pay attention to the efficiency of aquaculture technology extension.Nowadays fishing industry is restricted by natural resources and other factors,aquaculture industry has become an important sector of fishery economic development.The coastal areas of China are facing the pressure of production reform as a heavy production area of fishery.There are few studies from this perspective.Second,this paper is based on the traditional data enveloping analysis method,combined with stochastic frontier model.The influence of environmental factors on efficiency and input redundancy are analyzed.The effect of environment variable and random error term is eliminated to measure the real extension efficiency.The comprehensive evaluation of promotion efficiency through empirical data is a supplementary and innovative development to the existing research.Thirdly,this paper summarizes the mode characteristics,transmission mechanism and existing question of aquaculture technology extension in the east coastal area.Combined with the data of the major aquatic production areas in the coastal areas of China,the research has kept up with The Times.