Design And Experiment Of A Small Electric Remote Controlled Vegetable Seeder

China is a large producer of vegetables,vegetable planting area and vegetable production are the world’s first.At this stage,with the improvement of people’s living standards,the demand for vegetables has increased year by year,in order to meet the supply of vegetables in the opposite season,the facility greenhouse planting area is getting bigger and bigger,at present,China’s facility area has exceeded 2.1 million hectares,of which Shandong Province has the highest vegetable production,with the facility greenhouse vegetable planting.Compared with the field vegetable planting mode,the facility greenhouse has the problems of small space,short sowing operation distance and frequent Steering,which leads to low efficiency of vegetable sowing and strong manual dependence.In view of the above problems,it is important to develop a small electric remote-controlled vegetable seeding machine applicable to facility greenhouses to improve the mechanization of vegetable sowing and reduce the labor intensity of vegetable planting in facilities.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)Overall structure design of small electric remote control vegetable seeder.Based on the development trend of vegetable planting pattern and agronomic requirements in China,the working principle and general layout of the seeder are determined,and the optimized design of mechanical structure is realized to meet the design requirements of the whole machine through parts assembly and motion interference check.(2)Design and selection of key components of seeder.The seeding unit is designed to optimize the structure of the seed sowing wheel,and the seed cleaning brush and removable seed cleaning end cap are added to solve the seed jam caused by the seed sticking on the seed sowing wheel and the seed recovery problem after seeding operation;the drive system is designed to adopt the motor drive mode,and the permanent magnet DC brushless gear motor is selected as the drive motor through the analysis and calculation of the driving resistance and driving power of the seeder,and the motor power is calibrated.Through the analysis and calculation of the driving resistance and driving power of the planter,the permanent magnet DC brushless gear motor is selected as the driving motor,and the motor power is calibrated;the characteristics of different batteries are compared,the lead-acid battery is selected as the energy input,and the required capacity of the battery is calculated to meet the requirements of the operating hours of the planter;the lifting and steering device is designed to separate the sowing operation from the road walking and the three modes of row change steering,so as to solve the problem that the sowing operation of the traditional vegetable planter is not independent from the road walking and row change steering modes,and the road walking and steering are not independent.During the process,the seed row seeder is still rotating and seed wastage problem.(3)Remote control system design.To design and develop a remote control system for vegetable planter with the objectives of speed control of the whole machine,synchronous speed control of sowing operation and steering of row change during the operation of vegetable planter.The system hardware selection and software design were completed and the remote control system was built with the structure of the whole machine.The Android terminal human-machine interaction APP was designed to realize the operation of sower forwarding,speed regulation,whole machine lifting and row changing and steering in the field by means of remote control.The performance test of the control system was carried out,and the test results showed that: the vegetable planter’s sowing level is stable and reliable under the medium and low speed operation,the control system responds quickly,the planter’s horizontal offset is small,and the deviation rate of the planter’s driving speed is 1.59%;the differential steering is relatively accurate,and the steering qualification rate is more than 89.8%,and the synchronous speed error change of the lifting mechanism tends to be stable,which meets the control system Control accuracy requirements.(4)Field performance test of the whole machine.The field test of the developed small electric remote control vegetable seeder was carried out to test the indexes of sowing grain spacing,sowing depth and sowing row spacing,and the results showed that the qualified rate of sowing grain spacing was 93.1% and the qualified rate of sowing depth was 92% at the operation speed of 3km/h,which could meet the requirements of vegetable sowing operation.This study can provide reference for the development of intelligent equipment for facility agriculture.