Fish Community Structure And Its Correlation With Major Environmental Factors In Anqing Xinzhou Section Of The Yangtze River

This study describes and provides an overview of the current state of the fish community structure in the Yangtze River’s Anqing Xinzhou sector,as well as its relationship to major environmental factors.The fish community is both a branch of fishing science that studies the quality of fish stocks and a community that is heavily involved in the harvesting or processing of fishery resources to meet the needs of fishing vessel owners,operators,and fish processors.Fish is a significant source of animal protein in most parts of the world.Fish has the most balanced protein and amino acid profile,making it popular across all religious and cultural lines;consequently,fish is in high demand(Fasakin,2008;Adewunmi and Fagbenro,2009).The rapid expansion of aquaculture has revealed numerous long-term development challenges related to environmental factors affecting the fish community.According to this study,the Shannon-Weiner diversity index,Margalef richness index,and Pielou evenness index are among the indexes used in this survey.Aquaculture initiatives frequently suffer from low production efficiency as a result of harmful environmental practices.Despite the enormous importance and value of the fishing and aquaculture sectors around the world,fishery resources are being depleted by the combined effects of overfishing,illegal sand digging,pollution,the use of harmful fishing gear,and,in some cases,environmental degradation,as in the case of the Yangtze River’s Xinzhou Anqing section.There are a variety of reasons for this unfavorable situation,but the main one is that many countries’ fisheries departments have failed to effectively control the fishing community and its resources.The loss of aquatic biodiversity endangers the health and livelihoods of millions of people around the world who rely on ecosystem services provided by marine resources,and the Xinzhou Anqing section of the Yangtze River is no exception.Concerns about fishing exploration and aquatic pollution are widespread and must be addressed.China has grown over time to become one of the world’s most important fishing producing countries.Year after year,the value of Chinese fishing products rises.However,there are serious issues lurking beneath the cheerful surface(China statistical reports,2009).However,China’s fishing industry has suffered as a result of the country’s success.This thesis also discusses some of the physical and chemical parameters tested during the water quality test in the Xinzhou Anqing section of the Yangtze River.Environmental factors are a wide range of factors that affect living organisms and their communities.Some factors are obvious,while others are not.Living things can be affected by environmental factors in both direct and indirect ways.Both factors may have an equal impact on fish populations and communities.Organisms react to the environment in which they exist.Environmental factors are classified as abiotic(nonliving)or biotic(living)(living).To keep energy flowing and nutrients cycling,both abiotic and biotic factors collaborate.Some examples of abiotic factors and their effects on the environment and species are as follows:Temperature is the most important factor.The temperature of the atmosphere indicates the amount of heat energy present;the higher the temperature,the greater the heat content.On a global scale,temperature is possibly the most important factor influencing species distribution.It is one of the most serious environmental factors,and by controlling the chemical reaction rate,it has a significant impact on all physiological activities of species in the environment.According to the data in this study,the index of relative importance(IRI)"was used to describe community dominance." Species with an IRI index greater than 100 were identified as common.Species with populations larger than 1000 were labeled as dominant.The physiological range refers to the temperature range in which organisms can survive.It differs between organisms depending on their local adaptations.Protozoans can grow and replicate at temperatures as high as 52 °C,which is higher than any animal.2: The gas oxygen is colorless,odorless,and tasteless,and it dissolves in water.It is supplied by the diffusion of atmospheric(air)oxygen into the water as well as the photosynthesis of aquatic plants.Dissolved oxygen is essential for the survival of both plants and animals.Aquatic animals(e.g.,fish,macroinvertebrates)may flee or die as a result of a lack of dissolved oxygen.There are an infinite number of abiotic factors in the fish community.Fish have evolved a variety of physiological,morphological,and biomechanical characteristics that allow them to adapt to their surroundings.Almost all fish,in fact,swim.Environmental factors influence fish critical swimming velocity,and the fastest swimming speed is obtained only under certain conditions.The mechanisms that lead to a reduction in exercise capacity varying according to the type of environmental change Four major fish fauna groups were discovered in the Anqing Xinzhou section of the Yangtze River,according to the investigation data: the Complex of China plain faunal,the Complex of late tertiary early fauna,the South Yellow Sea,the East China Sea offshore group,and the Complex of China plain faunal.Acidic water reduces the capacity of oxygen transport,whereas cold temperatures have a significant impact on muscle contractility.Here are some examples of biotic factors and their environmental effects: The majority of environmental factors are negatively impacted by human activities.Humans are depleting living resources faster than nature can replace them and are already endangering the resources’ continued existence in the environment.Removing sand from the water,for example,destroys the fish’s home and reduces the number of spawning sites.Under these conditions,there is no doubt that an investigation into the traits of the fish community,such as species composition,fish community diversity,fish food chain,water quality,dominant species in the fish community,and other environmental factors that comprise the entire fish community,is warranted.The biological characteristics of two ecotype species found in the Yangtze River’s Xinzhou Anqing section,namely the bream and coilia scenes,are the focus of this study.Biological characteristics include age structure,growth characteristics,determining the sex ratio,and the distribution of standard body length and body weight.The biological species of fish and other aquatic organisms in the fish community must be researched and studied.This understanding serves as the foundation for fishery regulations.It assists in determining the fundamentals for improving a specific environment.For scientific understanding and to improve fishing activities,a thorough understanding of fish biology is required.It is impossible to effectively plan,control,and manage fish species and other aquatic resources without a thorough understanding of their life,habits,and behavior.This explanation emphasizes the importance of biological studies in the development of fish species.To summarize,fishing investigation is a critical area to be aware of because it allows fishing authorities to understand the status of the fish community and the species within it,as well as provide a good solution to that effect.This study also emphasizes the importance of fish for chain examples such as phytoplankton and zooplankton.