Effects Of Irrigation Methods On Soil Water And Salt Movement And Cucumber Yield And Quality In Greenhouse

Unreasonable irrigation methods in facility vegetable cultivation increase the risk of soil secondary salinization,affect crop growth and development,and lead to reduced yields.This article adopts five irrigation methods and plants cucumbers in greenhouse facilities.The five irrigation methods are:straw covered drip irrigation,sprinkler irrigation,drip irrigation,infiltration irrigation,and mulch drip irrigation.Each irrigation method is a treatment,with a total of 5 treatments repeated 3 times for each treatment,and the experimental plots are randomly arranged.Study the effects of irrigation methods on soil water and salt transport,crop agronomic traits,yield,and quality,in order to provide reasonable irrigation methods for alleviating secondary salinization of facility soil and vegetable cultivation.The main research content is as follows:（1）By measuring the soil moisture content at a depth of 0-60 cm and a horizontal distance of 0-60 cm from the irrigation device.The average soil moisture content of drip irrigation under film and straw mulch drip irrigation increased by 11.18%and 10.62%compared to sprinkler irrigation,and the wetting range was greater than that of other treatments.（2）Measure the salt content of different soil layers using the conductivity method.It was found that the salt content in the 0-10 cm soil layer was 15.98%and 11.79%lower under film drip irrigation and straw cover drip irrigation than under infiltration irrigation.The salt content in soil with infiltration irrigation at 10-20 cm is the least,which is less than 11.63%,10.86%,and 17.64%in straw mulch drip irrigation,film mulch drip irrigation,and drip irrigation.（3）Use different chemical methods to determine the concentration of base ions in soil from 0 to 60 cm.The content of seven main cations and anions measured by sprinkler irrigation and infiltration irrigation in 0-10 cm soil was significantly higher than that of drip irrigation,straw mulch drip irrigation,and mulch drip irrigation treatments.The average soil content of CI^-,SO₄^2-,Ca²⁺,and Mg²⁺in 0-60 cm showed the lowest under film drip irrigation,with values of 0.065 g/kg,0.073 g/kg,0.105 g/kg,and 0.089 g/kg,respectively.（4）Measure the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,and leaf area of cucumber under different irrigation methods.The plant height of straw covered drip irrigation and mulch drip irrigation is higher than that of spray irrigation by 17.76%and 20.04%,but each treatment has little effect on stem diameter and leaf number.Under film drip irrigation and straw mulch drip irrigation effectively increased leaf area by 12.74%and 6.04%compared to sprinkler irrigation.The logistic model equation was used to fit the cucumber plant height,and the maximum plant heights of straw covered drip irrigation and film mulch drip irrigation were 209.02 cm and213.08 cm,respectively,which were well matched with the actual irrigation method.（5）By measuring the quality,yield,and irrigation water use efficiency of fresh cucumbers.In terms of cucumber quality,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,and vitamin C under straw covered drip irrigation was the highest,with 3.91%,1.91 mg/g,and 11.51 mg/100g,respectively.In terms of yield,drip irrigation under film is the most and spray irrigation is the least,and drip irrigation under film is 27.18%higher than spray irrigation.In terms of irrigation water use efficiency,under a certain amount of irrigation water,the irrigation water use efficiency of drip irrigation under film is the highest,at 26.86 g/m³.Based on the above analysis,mulching drip irrigation and straw mulching drip irrigation are the optimal irrigation methods,which can provide reference for the regulation of soil water and salt transport in facilities and crop cultivation.