Cultivation Techniques And Plant Structure Characteristics Analysis Of Nationally Approved Wheat Variety Xinong 100

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a gramineae plant and one of the world’s major food crops.Wheat is the main food source for 35%-40%of people worldwide.With the advancement of science and the promotion of science and technology,the number of newly cultivated wheat varieties has increased year by year,and high-yield and high-quality new varieties of wheat need scientific and reasonable cultivation measures to exert their potential.In this study,the national approved wheat variety Xinong 100 was used as the experimental material,and a three-factor re-split plot experiment was designed.Two sowing dates,three sowing rates and three nitrogen application levels were set to explore the effects of different cultivation measures on the changes of basic seedlings,tillers,yield and yield components of Xinong 100.In order to clarify the appropriate cultivation measures of Xinong 100 in Huang-Huai wheat area.Then the stem morphological characteristics and root characteristics of Xinong 100 in different periods were compared and analyzed.The main results are as follows:1.In this study,the sowing date and nitrogen application rate had no significant effect on the basic seedling number of Xinong 100,but the sowing rate was positively correlated with the basic seedling number of Xinong 100,and when the sowing date was October 22,the sowing amount was 157.5kg/hm~2,and the nitrogen application amount was 225kg/hm~2,the basic seedling number of Xinong 100 reached the maximum.Both the sowing date and the sowing rate have a significant effect on the regulation of the pre-winter tillering of Xinong100.As the sowing date is delayed,the pre-winter tillering of Xinong 100 is significantly reduced;as the sowing rate increases,the pre-winter tillering also increases.Nitrogen application rate had a significant effect on the spring tillering of Xinong 100,but overall,there is no significant difference in the number of tillers at the beginning of spring for Xinong 100under different nitrogen application levels.However,the C2 nitrogen application treatment has a higher number of tillers at the beginning of spring under different sowing dates and levels than the C1 and C3 nitrogen application treatments.The sowing date,sowing rate and nitrogen application rate have a certain regulatory effect on the yield and yield components of Xinong 100.Sowing date,sowing rate and nitrogen application rate all have an impact on the number of ears per unit area of Xinong 100,and the relationship between sowing date and the number of ears per unit area of Xinong 100 is negatively correlated,and sowing rate and nitrogen application rate are positively correlated relation.Under the same sowing amount and nitrogen application amount,the sowing date was negatively correlated with the thousand-grain weight of Xinong 100.Under the same sowing date and sowing amount,the thousand-grain weight of Xinong 100 decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.Under the same sowing amount and nitrogen application amount,the yield of Xinong 100 decreased with the delay of sowing date.In normal sowing period,the yield of Xinong 100 increased with the increase of sowing amount under the same nitrogen application amount.In the late sowing period,the yield of Xinong 100 increased first and then decreased with the increase of sowing amount under the same nitrogen application rate.Under the same sowing date and sowing amount,the yield increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount.The test results show that Xinong 100 is suitable for planting in Longxian County with good water and soil fertility.The best sowing date in Longxian County is around September29,the best sowing rate is 135kg/hm~2,and the best nitrogen application rate is 247.5kg/hm~2or so.This study clarified the suitable cultivation measures for the nationally approved wheat variety Xinong 100,and provided a basis for its popularization and planting in the Huang-Huai wheat region and similar regions.2.Taking the first internode at the base,the second internode at the base and the internode below ear of Xinong 100 as the research objects,explore the differences in the morphological characteristics of stems in different periods.The test results showed that with the advancement of the growth process,the nutrients of wheat stalks were gradually transferred to the ears,and the stem thickness,wall thickness,fresh weight,fresh density and fullness of the stalks were all decreasing,which affected the bending resistance performance of wheat stalks.In the late growth period of Xinong 100,the mechanical strength and puncture strength of different internodes of the stalk also decreased significantly,and the height of the center of gravity of the stalk also moved up significantly,resulting in an increase in the lodging index and an increase in the lodging risk of wheat.With the change of growth period,the root system of Xinong 100 reached the maximum root length at the milk stage,and the fresh weight and dry weight of the root system decreased significantly at the Maturity stage,but the dry-to-fresh ratio of the aboveground part and the dry-to-fresh ratio of the root system remained constant.In height,the risk of lodging is reduced to a certain extent.