| Zhongwei goat is a national protected breed and is famous for its high-quality fur.However,there are few studies on the genetic evaluation of Zhongwei goat breed characteristics.At present,the quality of some production traits has declined.Therefore,the genetic evaluation of early body growth and wool traits of Zhongwei goats,and the strengthening of breeding work is urgently needed.Based on the production performance records and pedigree data of Ningxia Zhongwei goat farm from 1998 to 2019,this study conducted the genetic evaluation and breeding value estimation of 16 Zhongwei goats for the first time.The selection and breeding work provides theoretical basis and scientific guidance.Below are key research findings:1.The gender effect has a very significant effect on body length,bust,tube circumference at birth,weight at 35 days of age,body height,body length,bust,shoulder hair and strand length(P<0.01),and for body height at birth,at 35 days of age Buttock hair strand length has a significant effect(P<0.05),but has no significant effect on birth weight,shoulder hair strand length,buttock hair strand length,tube circumference at 35 days of age,shoulder hair bend number,and hip hair bend number(P >0.05).The year of birth effect was extremely significant(P<0.01)for all traits except the tube circumference at 35 days.The interaction effect of gender and birth year had no significant effect on all traits(P>0.05).2.Using the DMUAI module of the DMU software to conduct variance component analysis and genetic parameter estimation on the 10 body shape growth traits and 6 wool traits of Zhongwei goats,the results found that the heritability of the hair curvature of the shoulders and hips at the age of 35 days was The range of heritability of other traits except less than 0.1 is 0.10～0.62,which belong to medium or high heritability.The range of genetic correlation of each trait is-0.799～0.991,and the range of phenotype correlation is-0.407～0.904.The heritability and genetic correlation between the body length at birth and the 35-day-old body shape growth traits except the girth of Zhongwei goats were relatively high,and the heritability and genetic correlations between the two primary hair strand length traits and the 35-day-old hair strand length were relatively high.high.3.Using the DMU4 module of DMU software and the nadiv package of R software to calculate the breeding value and inbreeding coefficient of various traits of Zhongwei goats,and analyze the genetic trend,it was found that the average inbreeding coefficient of Zhongwei goat population was 0.001004,which was at a low level of inbreeding.The individual breeding values of the top 10 growth traits of rams are: 0.32(birth weight),0.62(birth height),0.86(birth length),3.08(birth chest circumference),5.14(birth tube circumference),4.27(weight at 35 days old),5.40(body height at 35 days old),7.01(body length at 35 days old),11.28(bust circumference at 35 days old),0.35(tube circumference at35 days old),and the 6 wool traits ranked No.The individual breeding values of a ram are:0.55(shoulder strand length at birth),0.82(shoulder strand length at birth),0.86(shoulder strand length at 35 days old),3.42(35-day-old hip strand length),2.85(bending number of shoulder hairs at 35 days old),0.38(bending number of hip hairs at 35 days old).The individual breeding values of the 16 ewes that rank first in size and wool traits are: 0.51(birth weight),10.49(birth height),0.73(birth length),2.74(birth chest circumference),0.88(birth tube Circumference),0.58(Number of shoulder hair curvature at birth),0.63(Natural hip hair curvature number),4.07(35-day-old body weight),10.49(35-day-old body height),7.01(35-day-old body length),8.76(35 Day-old chest circumference),0.21(35-day-old tube circumference),0.61(35-day-old shoulder hair strand length),3.49(35-day-old buttock hair strand length),2.77(35-day-old shoulder hair bending number),0.28(Number of hip hair bends at the age of 35 days).To sum up,the effects of sex and year have significant effects on most body size growth and wool traits of Zhongwei goats.Most of the production traits of Zhongwei goats belong to the medium or high heritability range,with high heritability and great breeding potential.Because of its own high heritability and high genetic correlation with multiple body size growth traits at 35 days,primary body length can be used as an early indirect selective trait for 35-day-old lambs.The two primary hair length traits can also be used as early indirect selection traits for the 35-day-old hair length trait.Goat farms should pay attention to the goats with high breeding values as candidate breeding goats,and develop specific breeding programs according to the calculation results of heritability and genetic correlation. |
PDF Full Text Request