Design And Experiment Of Grass Crusher For Orchard Green Manure

Xinjiang has abundant land and forest fruit planting resources,good light and heat resources,and the temperature difference between day and night is large,which has rich conditions for vigorously developing forest fruit industry.The traditional orchard management and cultivation mode,resulting in the orchard surface bare,intense evaporation,serious soil erosion;At the same time,the source of fertilizer,which is mainly fertilizer,is easy to produce many soil ecological problems,such as compaction of orchard soil,destruction of aggregate characteristics,sharp reduction of soil organic matter,and reduction of water and fertilizer utilization and conservation performance.Planting green fertilizer crops in orchards can increase the content of large amount of elements and many medium and micro elements in soil,improve soil physical and chemical properties,increase soil organic matter,and improve crop yield and quality.Therefore,planting green fertilizer crops in orchards can solve soil ecological problems to a certain extent.In this paper,aiming at efficient nutrient interception of green fertilizer in orchards,a grass crusher of orchard green fertilizer is designed and developed for the whole orchard grass crushing in Xinjiang.The development of the machine provides a guarantee for the technology and application of mechanized grinding of green manure crops in northern orchards,and also provides technical support for increasing nutrients in orchard soil,improving fruit quality and efficiency and reducing fruit farmers’ labor intensity.Through field research and literature review,combined with orchard green fertilizer planting mode,orchard management mode,green fertilizer nutrient efficient interception and other agronomic requirements,design a remote control orchard green fertilizer grass crusher.At the same time,3D drawing software was used for prototype design and assembly,simulation software was used for key parts simulation analysis,and finally prototype development was completed and field experiment was conducted to explore the best operating parameters of the machine.The specific research content of this paper is as follows:(1)On the basis of a large number of researches on existing field straw returning machines,stubble eliminating machines and rototillers,and in view of the management mode and dry height characteristics of main planted fruit trees in Xinjiang orchards,the agrarian requirements of green fertilizer full orchard planting and the characteristics of efficient nutrient intercept of green fertilizer,the design of grass crusher for orchard green fertilizer is carried out in combination with relevant national standards.The main technical indexes of green fertilizer grass crusher in orchard were put forward according to the relevant machinery industry standards.(2)Design and simulation of key components to determine the crawler structure,frame bearing mode,stubble height adjustment structure and grass cutter form;Design the grass crusher disc mechanism,determine the type selection of grinding knife,clear the blade installation of grinding knife,installation number and tool movement track;By using the Workbench module of finite element software ANSYS 2020,the static analysis of the key parts of the prototype was carried out,and it was concluded that the maximum displacement deformation,equivalent elastic deformation and stress deformation value could meet the use requirements.(3)Field experiments were conducted to explore the influence of the setting of orchard operation parameters of key components of the prototype on the quality of green fertilizer crushing operation;The single factor test and multi-factor central combination test of the operating parameters of the prototype were carried out.The speed of the grass cutter cutter,the forward speed of the machine and the stubble height of the green fertilizer were selected as the test factors,and the qualified rate of the length of the green fertilizer crushing and the leakage rate of the green fertilizer were taken as the evaluation indexes.Through the construction of quadratic regression model,model interaction and the analysis of response surface,the significant relationship between the key factors affecting the pass rate and the miss rate of green fertilizer crushing length and the influence law of three test factors were obtained.The model was optimized and solved,and the optimal working parameter combination was obtained as follows:forward speed 0.21m/s,cutter speed 800r/min,stubble height 140mm;At this time,the average response index is 92.62% pass rate and 0.408% miss rate of crushing length.