Research On Soil Nutrient Characteristics And Crop Productivity Of Fruit And Wheat Intercropping Pattern In South Xinjiang

Fruit-wheat intercropping systems have an extremely important role in agricultural production in southern Xinjiang.This research takes two fruit-wheat intercropping systems,jujube/wheat and walnut/wheat,as the main objects.It analyses soil organic matter,fast-acting N,fast-acting K,fast-acting P and light characteristics,wheat agronomic traits and wheat yield and yield components in the fruit-wheat intercropping system,and it is to clarify the ecological mechanism of the intercropping advantage of these two types of intercropping systems.The main conclusions obtained were as follows:(1)The soil organic matter,fast-acting N,fast-acting P,and fast-acting K contents in the fruit-wheat intercropping system increased significantly with the increase of planting time.The soil organic matter,fast-acting N,fast-acting P,and fast-acting K contents in the side-row intercropping system were also higher than those in the middle-row intercropping system.(2)(2)In the fruit-wheat intercropping system,the effect of light on crop yield was mainly that the yield under the canopy was lower than that in the middle or near the middle of the intercropping row.In the early stage of intercropped wheat growth,intercropping had no effect on the chlorophyll content of wheat.In the late stage of wheat growth,the intercropping pattern reduced the chlorophyll content of wheat considerably.There was no significant change in Pn values in both jointing and heading stages of intercropped wheat.(3)The dry matter accumulation of wheat in the fruit-wheat intercropping system increased gradually from the three-leaf stage to the maturity stage,with the highest dry matter mass at the maturity stage and the highest amount of dry matter distribution in the seeds.When comparing the variability of dry matter accumulation and distribution in the same intercropping system at different planting times,it showed that there was a significant decrease in both dry matter accumulation and distribution with increasing planting time.(4)In the fruit-wheat intercropping system,the plant height and LAI of wheat showed a significant decrease after the heading period.And the closer to the fruit trees,the lower the plant height and LAI of intercropped wheat.(5)There were significant differences in ear number,grain number/ear,thousand grain weight/gram and yield between jujube/wheat and walnut/wheat.With the increase of intercropping years,ear number,thousand grain weight and yield of fruit-wheat intercropping all decreased to some extent.(6)The yield of wheat showed a significant increase as the distance of wheat from fruit trees increased.The longer the intercropping years,the lower the yield of wheat at the same distance from fruit trees.