| In order to improve the yield and quality of new varieties of fresh corn in Heilongjiang province,and promote the development of fresh waxy corn industry.By changing the amount of nitrogen application and planting density,the field area test:Hanuo 2022 and Hanian No.5 fresh maize varieties,4 nitrogen fertilizer gradients(N0:0 kg·hm-2,N1:125·hm-2,N2:175 kg·hm-2),3 density levels(D1:45,000 plants·hm-2,D2:52,500 plants·hm-2,D3:60,000plants·hm-2),three repeats of 72 plots.Nold corn local varieties,but due to the small ear,soft stem and serious diseases and insect pests caused the yield is not high,but the actual cultivation area is very few,for this problem,this experiment adopts different nitrogen combination interaction for fresh waxy corn yield,food quality and the influence of economic benefits,select suitable for two kinds of fresh corn physiological characteristics of nitrogen and density optimization ratio,the conclusion is as follows:（1）Suitable planting density can effectively improve the SPAD value and the net photosynthetic rate of maize leaves.N1D1 treatment has the highest SPAD value in each growth period of Hanian No.5 and Hanuo 2022,which is conducive to the synthesis of chlorophyll in maize leaves.The nitrogen density combination of this treatment can significantly improve the relative content of chlorophyll and nitrogen content in leaves.Net photosynthetic rates were the highest for N3D2 in Hanian No.5,while N1D1 and Hanuo 2022 and N2D1 were the lowest in N0D3.In conclusion,the appropriate density facilitates the photosynthetic organic synthesis of corn leaves,but the interaction between the two has no significant effect on the net photosynthesis rate of fresh waxy corn.（2）Appropriate increase of nitrogen application has a significant impact on the ear number,100-grain weight and yield of Hanian No.5 and Hanuo 2022.The overall difference between the number of grains and ears of nitrogen application and planting density is not significant,and the yield of Hanian No.5 and Hanuo 2022 increases when the planting density is increased within a certain range.In Heilongjiang region,the suitable sowing density can reach 60,000 plants/ha.When 75 kghm-2 urea is applied as base fertilizer before sowing,and the nitrogen fertilizer is 50kghm-2,it has a good stimulation effect.Different nitrogen application rate and different planting density,under the condition of planting density unchanged,low fertilizer of fresh ear yield is the lowest,in the case of fertilization level unchanged,low density fresh ear yield is also the lowest,but the planting density and fertilizer interaction difference is not significant,may be the difference between test varieties and regions,so the test results have certain limitations.（3）The difference in nitrogen application and planting density as well as nitrogen density interaction has a significant impact on the grain water content,and the planting density has a significant impact on the crude fat content,starch content and crude protein content.The crude protein,crude fat and starch content of the two fresh corn species in the D1 density treatment were higher than the D2 and D3 density treatment,This indicates that increasing the amount of nitrogen applied in a certain range can significantly increase the grain crude protein content,starch content and crude fat content,The content of crude protein,crude fat and starch in N1was 2.3%,4.0%and 2.2%compared with N0 treatment,The content of crude protein,crude fat and starch treated by N1 in Hanuo 2022 was 4.1%,4.1%and 0.8%respectively compared with N0 treatment,But when taken as a whole,The effect of nitrogen density interaction on grain quality is not significant.In conclusion,due to the differences in density resistance and nitrogen requirement of different varieties of fresh maize,the nitrogen treatment of Hanian No.5 at 225 kg·hm-2with60000 Plant·hm-2can effectively improve the economic benefit of fresh maize;and Hanuo2022 at 122 kg hm-2and 52500 Plant·hm-2can effectively improve the benefits.According to the characteristics of different varieties,the amount of nitrogen suitable for the appropriate planting density,so as to obtain high quality and high yield fresh corn,so as to obtain the maximum economic benefits. |
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