Research And Design Of An Orchard Hail Prevention And Control System Based On Internet Of Things

Fruit cultivation has become an important industry in China,ranking third in the agricultural sector,after grain and vegetable production.Among all fruits,apple cultivation is particularly important,and most of the apple growing bases are located in northern regions,especially in Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia.However,due to the complex topography and strong convective weather,these regions are prone to frequent hailstorm attacks and accompanying severe losses on a large scale,which have a huge negative impact on the yield of fruit trees,farmers’ income and the orchard environment.Therefore,effective hail prevention and control has become a key issue in the fruit production process.The accelerated development of Internet of Things technology and smart agriculture in recent years has provided innovative technological help for hail prevention and management in orchards.Therefore,designing an Io T-based hail prevention and control system for orchards is not only feasible,but also of great practical significance.The thesis is based on existing hail prevention technologies,while combining wireless communication technologies and intelligent control algorithms to design an Io T-based hail prevention and control system for orchards.In order to enhance the functions of this system,the modules of the system are designed within the three-layer framework of Io T,and the main research contents are as follows:(1)Analysis of technical requirements and overall design plan of the hail prevention and control system for orchards.Firstly,a detailed analysis was made from three aspects:business requirements,reliability technology requirements and functional requirements for designing the system,and finally the overall system design plan was proposed based on the above requirements combined with the three-layer architecture of the Internet of Things.(2)Research on the algorithm of hail prevention and control system in orchards.Firstly,the multi-sensor data fusion algorithm is optimized using the Z-score method to remove possible data outliers in each sensor and the adaptive weighted fusion algorithm using the intra-group fusion theory to ensure the accuracy of the environmental data inside the orchard.After that,the system control algorithm is studied and a fuzzy adaptive PID controller is designed based on the principle of PID control algorithm and the basic theory of fuzzy control and simulated using MATLAB.(3)Hardware design of the orchard hail prevention and control system.A general introduction to the system hardware structure design,the design of the collection node,wireless gateway,and control node circuits respectively,and the elaboration of the design principle of each component,communication protocol,and signal reading and writing timing.(4)Software design of the orchard hail prevention and control system.Design the overall system software scheme according to the system hardware structure.It mainly includes Lo Ra wireless sensor network collection terminal software design,Lo Ra-GPRS wireless gateway software design,control terminal software design and visualization interface design.Firstly,the environmental data inside the orchard is transmitted to the Lo Ra-GPRS wireless gateway through the Lo Ra wireless sensor network,and then uploaded to the Ali cloud platform through the wireless gateway,and finally,the Ali cloud platform is used as the data source of the visualization interface to visualize the environmental data of the orchard and realize the operation and shutdown of the control system equipment by giving control instructions remotely through the interface.(5)Debugging of hail prevention and control system in orchards.The performance test of the system was conducted,and the test results showed that the system can realize the functions of internal environmental data collection,data visualization and remote control in orchards,and can effectively carry out hail prevention and control.