Study On Natural Grass Species And Its Effect On Pear Orchard In Huangguan Pear Orchard Of Southern Hebei

Hebei Province is one of the main pear producing areas in China.The pear industry has become a pillar industry to promote regional economic development and improve the ecological environment.As a good soil management system for fruit tree cultivation,orchard grass has become one of the main planting patterns of green fruit production in developed countries.However,most pear orchards in China use clean tillage management system,and the pear orchard natural grass soil management system is still relatively small.Compared with the traditional clear tillage management system,natural grass reduces labor costs,but it has not been widely used in southern Hebei.In this study,Huangguan pear orchard under natural grass after artificial grass was used as test material.Through the investigation of natural grass in Huangguan pear orchard after artificial grass in southern Hebei,the types and conditions of natural grass in Huangguan pear orchard under clear tillage and natural grass were studied.The effects of natural grass on soil,environment,pear yield and quality in Huangguan pear orchard were studied.The management countermeasures of natural grass after artificial grass in Huangguan pear orchard were put forward.Organize as follows:(1)suitable for the yellow crown pear garden natural grass species are:February orchid,clover,shepherd’s purse,bald flower,purslane,setargrass,etc.;Weeds that should be weeded out include:dandelion,wormwood,Humulus,Ponderosa,Chenopodium,Humulus scandens,morning glory,Convolvulus.(2)Natural grass growing in Huangguan pear orchard can reduce soil moisture evaporation,improve soil compaction,regulate air moisture and reduce soil temperature;The water content of grass in the 0-20cm soil layer was 5.4%-5.7%,and the water content in the clear tillage area was 5.02%-5.03%.The water content in the green grass area was 0.4%-0.7%higher than that in the clear tillage area.Compared with the clear tillage area,the soil bulk density was 0.165g/m~3lower in the endophytic grass area,and the total soil porosity was 8.86%higher in the grass area than that in the clear tillage area.In the range of 0cm-130cm from the ground surface,the relative humidity of air in the grass growing area was 9.6%higher than that in the clear tillage area.In different soil layers 0-15cm from the surface,the average soil temperature in the grass area was11°C lower than that in the clear tillage area.(3)Natural grass cultivation in Huangguan pear orchard reduced the firmness of pear fruit,increased the sugar content in fruit,and increased the fruit weight and yield of pear.The yield of natural grass cultivation was about 9.5%higher than that of clean tillage.(4)In the natural grass growing process of Huangguan pear garden in southern Hebei Province,we can consciously cultivate February orchid as the main natural grass species,supplemented by clover,shepherd’s purse,balding flower,purslane,setaria.During the growing season,malignant weeds such as Artemisia annunculata,Humulus japonicus,Chenopodium,Humulus scandens,morning glory and convolvulus were removed.In order to achieve the beneficial effect of natural grass on Huangguan pear orchard,two to three times of mowing can be done according to the growth situation of more than 40cm,and pay attention to the fertilizer and water management of pear orchard.(5)To establish a science and technology academy or a science and technology station in the production base of Huangguan pear Garden in southern Hebei Province,so as to facilitate the research of natural grass and the promotion of new technology of natural grass by researchers in universities or scientific research institutions.In conclusion,it is suitable to promote the natural grass planting mode with February orchid as the main plant and supplemented by clover,shepherd’s purse,Balsam flower,Purslanian,Setaria,etc.in Huangguanpear orchard in southern Hebei,which not only helps to improve the soil structure and adjust the orchard environment,but also improves the yield and quality of Huangguanpear,which is a labor-saving cultivation strategy.