| Wheat is an important food crop in my country.Soil salinization has a significant impact on wheat production.Studying the physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat salt tolerance and cultivating salt-tolerant germplasm is one of the important ways to rationally and effectively utilize saline-alkali land resources.In this paper,the salttolerant wheat ’Xindong 26’(the female parent)and the salt-sensitive wheat ’E’en 1’(the male parent)were used as materials to carry out cross-breeding.By analyzing the salttolerance mechanism of the parents and identifying the salt-tolerance characteristics of the hybrid offspring SDS-PAGE and A-PAGE electrophoresis separation of seed storage proteins of hybrid progeny,analyze the genetic variation of seed storage proteins of different salt-tolerant progeny,and preliminarily explain the correlation between wheat seed storage proteins and salt tolerance,so as to explore the wheat constitutive type Salt tolerance quality genes provide theoretical basis and practical basis.The results of the full study are as follows:1.Physiological and biochemical characteristics analysis of salt tolerance in parental wheat seeds during germination: The results of seed germination experiments under different salt stress showed that ’Xindong 26’ was more resistant to Na+ and Cl-ions than ’E’en 1’,and the germination rates of the two were significantly different in Na+ and Clions.The index detection results showed that ’Xindong 26’ had better growth,high antioxidant enzyme activity,more proline synthesis in cells to maintain homeostasis,less cell membrane damage,and strong salt tolerance.2.Analysis of storage proteins and agronomic traits of hybrid F1 seeds: Compared with the parents,the hybrid F1 generation has some variation in storage protein,and the F1 generation has a recombination type at the HMW-GS site,which is co-dominant;the variation in low molecular weight glutenin is different between different materials,and a few differences are in C The genetic variation of the F1 generation in the gliadin is mainly concentrated in the ω region,and the band type of the hybrid offspring is hybrid;The plant height,ear length and 1000-grain weight of the F1 generation of the hybrid had super-compatibility and mid-parent dominance,and the performance of orthogonal and reverse crosses were different.The plant height of the F1 generation showed mid-parental dominance,while panicle length and 1000-grain weight had partial super-parental dominance.Comprehensive analysis of storage protein and agronomic traits showed that the materials of F1 generation No.6,7,8,10,12,13,14,18,21,and 22 were necessary for subsequent salt tolerance and storage protein analysis.(The orthogonal 6,7,8,and 10 are numbered as A3,A4,A5,and A7,respectively,and the anticross 13,14,18,and 22 are numbered as C3,C4,C5,and C10,respectively.)3.Physiological and biochemical characteristics analysis of salt tolerance of hybrid F2 seeds at germination stage: Under salt stress,the growth index of the F2 generation was significantly decreased,and the content of antioxidant enzymes and other substances increased,which was significantly different from the control.The degree of change was different for different materials.The performance of the F2 generation was better than that of the salt-sensitive parent,with heterosis and good growth.,salt tolerance is strong;the comprehensive evaluation results of salt tolerance show that the correlation between each index of F2 generation is significant,and the salt tolerance order of each material is: A5>A3>A4>C10>C5>C4>C3>A7>’Xindong 26’>’Een 1’,the salt tolerance has heterosis.4.Hybrid F2 Seed Storage Protein Analysis: Electrophoresis analysis of 400 seed storage proteins of F2 generation showed that HMW-GS in F2 generation had a combination of 2+12 subunits,which were stably inherited in the offspring;the recombinant subunit type appeared in F1 generation,and the corresponding F2 generation appeared character separation,The parent is 7+8 or 7+9 subunit type,and the recombination is 7+8,9 subunit type.The separation ratio of recombination type and parent is 1:2:1,which is in line with Mendelian inheritance;The genetic variation is mainly concentrated in the ω region,and the band types of the hybrid offspring are complementary and hybrid,and the genetic diversity is rich.5.Correlation analysis between seed storage proteins and salt tolerance: The correlation analysis between storage proteins and salt tolerance showed that the frequency of the prolamin ω region band was positively correlated with the salt tolerance of the strain(P<0.05),and the correlation coefficient was R = 0.863.The salt tolerance of the lines increased,and the lines with more bands in the ω region had stronger salt tolerance;the other storage proteins had no significant correlation with the salt tolerance,and the genes in the bands in the ω region may be related to the physiology involved in the germination stage.activity and enhance the salt tolerance of plants.In conclusion,this study analyzed the physiological and biochemical characteristics of salt tolerance in the seeds of ’Xindong 26’ and ’E’en 1’ and their hybrid F2 generations at germination stage,and analyzed the agronomic traits of the F1 generation and the genetics of storage proteins in the F1 and F2 generations.Variation characteristics,correlation analysis of storage protein and salt tolerance,found that ω region prolamin has a positive correlation with salt tolerance.The results provide a theoretical basis and a practical basis for the study of the physiological mechanism of wheat salt tolerance,the discovery of wheat constitutive salt tolerance quality genes,and the study of the salt tolerance mechanism at the seed storage protein level. |
