| With the modernization of agricultural production,although the excessive application of chemical fertilizer has guaranteed the national food security,the non-point source pollution caused by it has been widely concerned.Under the background of the rapid development of agricultural land circulation,the problem of excessive application of chemical fertilizer is still prominent.Agricultural land transfer can make effective use of agricultural land resources and promote agricultural scale management.However,there are a large number of short-term and oral agreements in the transfer of agricultural land,which makes the stability of agricultural land management right poor,and the average fertilizer application per mu of farmers transferred to the land remains high.Based on the above social phenomenon,this paper uses the economic principles to construct the mechanism of the impact of the stability of the management right on the farmers’ fertilizer application amount under the farmland transfer,and analyzes the impact and mechanism of the difference of the stability of the management right on the farmers’ fertilizer application amount after the farmland transfer.Firstly,the better the stability of the transferred farmland management right is,the lower the amount of fertilizer applied by farmers,that is,the transfer period agreed by both parties and the signing of the contract have a negative impact on the amount of fertilizer applied by farmers;secondly,the intermediary role of the transfer scale in the stability of farmland management right on the amount of fertilizer applied by farmers is analyzed,and the stability of farmland management right can be further affected by expanding the transfer scale In addition,two testable hypotheses are put forward.In addition,through the descriptive analysis of the differences in the stability of the operation right and the characteristics of the scale of the transferred farmland,we found that the amount of chemical fertilizer application decreased with the improvement of the stability of the operation right of the transferred farmland,and the scale economy of the chemical fertilizer investment gradually improved with the expansion of the scale of the transferred farmland The results showed that the input of chemical fertilizer decreased gradually,and the descriptive evidence was obtained.Furthermore,through descriptive statistics,we observed the relationship between the stability of farmland management right and the amount of fertilizer applied by farmers in different crops and different regions.Through descriptive statistical analysis,theoretical and empirical analysis,the main conclusions of this article are: First,from the perspective of the time duration dimension of the stability of farmland management rights,extending the transfer period will significantly reduce the average fertilizer application per mu of farmers.Second,from the perspective of the security of rights to the stability of farmland management rights,signing a written contract will significantly reduce the amount of fertilizer used by farmers per mu.Third,the stability of farmland management rights will further reduce the amount of fertilizer used by farmers by expanding the transfer scale.Signing a written farmland transfer contract will break through the limitations of the rural "reputation mechanism",reduce transaction costs,optimize the allocation of farmland resources,and transfer capable farmers to larger-scale farmland.In addition,agreeing on a longer transfer period can not only stabilize the transferor’s expectations,but also ensure the transferor’s income over a longer period of time.Due to the scale effect of farmland production,farmers will increase the amount of transfer to farmland.scale.The expansion of the transfer scale not only optimizes the input of chemical fertilizer elements,but also enables the use of "labor-saving" technology of mechanical substitution to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizer utilization,and thus the amount of chemical fertilizer used by farmers is significantly reduced.Fourth,there are significant differences in fertilizer application rates between different crops and different regions.Based on the research conclusions,we can get important policy implications:(1)guide the two parties to agree on a longer transfer period,and stabilize the expectation of operation right.Village level autonomous organizations take the lead in setting a good "model" and agree on a longer transfer period with the farmers of the transfer party,so as to ensure the future income of the transfer party;further promote the orderly transfer of agricultural land gradually and steadily,and encourage the long-term transfer period among farmers.(2)Cultivate farmers’ good sense of contract.At the present stage,the village level should strengthen the publicity and education of the contract awareness,which can make the contract concept deeply rooted in the hearts of the people,reduce the adverse impact of "human contract" and "oral agreement" on the stability of agricultural land management rights,strengthen the farmers’ land circulation contract awareness and contract spirit,and promote the legalization of rural governance.(3)We will continue to promote the transfer of agricultural land and appropriate scale operation of agriculture.The local government should continue to implement the policy of "separation of three rights",enliven the management right of agricultural land,encourage the farmers who have the ability to transfer to largescale land,make full use of idle land,encourage and guide farmers and gradually promote the circulation of agricultural land,and actively cultivate various types of new agricultural operators,and encourage them to carry out moderate scale operation.(4)Different planting policies are adopted for different types of farmers.Each economic region should adjust measures to local conditions,give full play to their comparative advantages,and adjust agricultural land transfer policies on the basis of comprehensive consideration of local development level,planting structure and resource endowment. |
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