QTL Mapping Of Popping Fold And Kernel Traits In Popcorn

Popcorn kernels are the raw materials for making popcorn,and the popping fold characteristics are the key traits to evaluate the quality of popcorn products.The most important genetic factors affecting popping fold characteristics include kernels size,100-kernels weight,and test weight.It is of great significance to analyze the genetic basis of related traits of popcorn kernels for the breeding and improvement of popcorn.In this study,two popcorn inbred lines SPL01 and SPL02 were used as parents to construct the F2:3 family and RIL population to analyze the kernels traits of popcorn,and to use targeted genome sequencing to obtain high-density SNP markers to construct a genetic map and conduct QTL位置.The results of this study are as follows:1.The popping fold and kernel characters of popcorn F2:3 population and RIL population showed continuous variation,which was in line with positive distribution law.The heritability is medium to high level,indicating that the tested phenotypic traits can be inherited stably.The popping fold and kernel traits were significantly affected by environment,genotype,environment,and gene interaction.The length-to-width ratio of the two popcorn populations was significantly positively correlated with the popping fold.2.Use the QTL Ici Mapping4.2 software was used to construct a high-density Genetic map.The total map distance of the genetic linkage map of popcorn F2:3population was 2067.05 c M,with a total of 2110 SNP markers,and the average map distance between each SNP marker was 0.98 c M.The total map distance of the RIL population was 2446.73 c M,the number of SNP markers was 1644,and the average map distance between markers was 1.49 c M.3.In the F2:3 family group,9 QTL loci related to popping fold.were identified,two of which were consistent with the reported ones,and the newly identified q PF1-1phenotype contributed 10.5%,It is the main QTL,the epistatic QTL of the popping fold.co-localizes with 8 pairs of interacting chromosomes.40 QTLs related to kernel traits were identified,namely kernel length(4),kernel width(6),length-to-width ratio(8),kernel area(5),kernel perimeter(5),and 100-kernel weight(3),test weight(9).Epistatic QTL for kernel traits mapped 43 interacting chromosome pairs,and the corresponding QTL numbers were kernel length(5),kernel width(5),length-to-width ratio(7),kernel area(3),kernel perimeter(6),100-kernel weight(8),test weight(9).The popping fold and kernel traits were not only affected by a single QTL,but also by the interaction between QTLs.4.In the RIL population,17 QTLs related to popping fold were identified,of which 4 QTLs were consistent with those reported,but no QTLs with a phenotypic contribution rate greater than 10% were identified.A total of 105 QTLs related to kernel traits were identified,including 15 QTLs for kernel length,22 QTLs for kernel width,20 QTLs for length-to-width ratio,12 QTLs for kernel area,12 QTLs for kernel perimeter,and 19 QTLs for 100-kernel weight and 5 test weight QTLs,of which there are 9 major QTL.