Design And Experimental Research Of Landing Red Jujube Harvesting Machinery

In view of the problems of high labor intensity and high harvest cost of Xinjiang red jujube,through the investigation and Research on the planting mode,planting scale,planting varieties,relevant agronomic conditions and the application of existing red jujube harvesting machinery in Xinjiang,a small red jujube harvesting machinery based on the principle of pneumatic conveying is designed,which is mainly used for the manual picking of fallen red jujube during the harvest period The mechanical replacement operation is carried out in the two main links of impurity removal,so as to reduce the labor input cost and labor intensity in the harvest operation of landing red jujube.The main research work is as follows:(1)Field investigation and jujube tree characteristics and jujube material characteristics measurement.By means of literature collection,inquiry and field investigation,this paper understands and summarizes the planting mode,planting scale,field agronomic conditions,harvesting methods,existing jujube harvesting machinery and related harvesting machinery of Xinjiang jujube,and puts forward the design objectives of adapting to most jujube garden modes in Xinjiang,good working effect,appropriate size of machines and tools and high harvesting efficiency.It is clear that the jujube garden in the dwarf dense planting mode in southern Xinjiang is the research object,the jujube variety is grey jujube,and the data measurement of the basic characteristics of jujube and the material characteristics of red jujube is the primary research content.Combined with the research on the principle of pneumatic conveying,the theoretical design of the overall structure and functional parts of the machine and tool is the main research content,and the technical route is formulated to carry out the machine and tool design and carry out the subject research.The basic data measurement results of jujube garden and jujube material characteristics include: the row spacing of jujube trees is 3.8 ～ 4.7m,the plant spacing is 1 ～ 2m,the average tree height is3.24 m,the average crown spacing is 0.8 m,the average values of length,width and thickness of jujube are 31.01 mm,19.39 mm and 17.90 mm respectively,the average density of single jujube is 639.42 kg / min,the average value of suspension rate is 19.14 M / s,the average value of water content is 29.46%,and the average value of sliding friction angle is 29.3 °.(2)Overall scheme design and component design.According to the theoretical research results and the determination of the basic data of jujube tree characteristics and jujube material characteristics,the overall structural layout of machines and tools is preliminarily planned and the functional components are designed by using computer-aided design software;Optimize and improve the design scheme of functional components and the overall structure of machines and tools by means of three-dimensional modeling,motion simulation,theoretical calculation and feasibility demonstration;Combined with the research on the existing jujube picking machinery,the design scheme is compared,the optimization scheme is modified,and the prototype is trial produced after the feasibility demonstration.(3)Prototype test and field test.In the commissioning stage of the prototype,the rotating speed of the prototype separation device and the discharge airlock is tested and calibrated,and the function of the separation device is verified.The test results show that when the rotating speed of the separation device reaches more than 200 R / min,the separation efficiency is significantly improved,and the discharge demand can be met by calibrating the discharge airlock for 30 R / min.The field test of the prototype is carried out with the aid of design expert 10.0.1 software,and the three factor and three-level experimental design is carried out with the impurity content and net collection rate as the measurement indexes.The experimental results show that the influencing factors are significant,and the parameters of the prototype are optimized by using the experimental results.The optimization results show that the rotating speed of the separation device is 353.75 R /min,the suction wind speed is 33.48 M / s,the thickness of jujube pile is 14.90 cm,the impurity content is 1.35%,and the net collection rate is 97.85%,Then,the machines and tools are debugged and the picking rate is measured with the optimal operation parameters.The average picking speed is 17.71 kg / min.by integrating all links of the picking operation process,4-6 people can be saved every day.