Design And Adaptive Control Of Deep Subsoiling Rotary Tillage Fertilizer Applicator

The effect of soil preparation and fertilization before sowing has an important impact on the yield of crops.The traditional tillage and fertilization operations are carried out independently by plows,subsoiling shovels,rotary tillers,harrows,fertilization and other machines and tools.Multiple operations are required to make the farmland meet the needs of sowing.However,due to the frequent replacement of machines and tools,the operation process is cumbersome,so that the cultivated land has been repeatedly crushed by tractors,resulting in the destruction of the original structure of the cultivated land and the gradual hardening of the cultivated land.In view of the above problems,this paper designs and studies the subsoiling rotary tillage fertilizer applicator with adaptive control.The main research contents are as follows:Complete machine design of combined operation machine.Based on the demands of mechanized production of land preparation before seeding and the agronomic demands of wheat growth and development,the overall design scheme was determined through comparison of multiple schemes,and the joint machinery layout scheme with "deep loosening-fertilizing-rotary cultivation" as the main operation unit was formulated.The layout of deep loosening shovels was a double-row staggered layout with close front shovels,and the design operation width was 1.6 m.The Design and Analysis of Fertilizer Application Parts in Deep Pine Rotary Cultivating.The relevant parts are selected,designed and optimized.To solve the problem of uneven fertilization in the traditional way,the deep loosening shovel for layered fertilization was designed,and a more uniform fertilizer shovel was designed.Design the relevant parts of the fertilizer box,consider the natural angle of repose of the fertilizer to design the fertilizer box,aiming at the problem of uneven fertilization in the process of fertilizing,adopt the electric fertilizing method.Analyzing the rotary tiller part,selecting the type of rotary tiller blade,clarifying the installation principle,analyzing and simulating the motion trajectory.The simulation analysis of rotary tiller components was carried out,and the simulation analysis of rotary tiller operation after furrow seeding and layered fertilization was carried out.The fertilizer,soil and rotary tiller blade models were established and simulation tests were carried out to observe the distribution of fertilizer under different fertilizer patterns.Through the analysis and comparison of the results after rotary tiller,it was determined that the distribution of fertilizer particles in the soil under the horizontal rotary tiller was more reasonable under the stratified fertilizer pattern,so as to verify the feasibility of the layered fertilizer+rotary tiller operation scheme.To solve the problem of straw coverage after operation,EDEM discrete element software was used to establish the model of horizontal rotary tiller,soil particles and straw particles,and simulation experiments were carried out.Taking different working parameters,advance speed,cutter rotation speed,cultivation depth and straw quantity as test factors,orthogonal experiments were carried out with straw coverage rate as index,and the influence of working parameters on straw coverage rate was obtained.The cultivation depth and straw quantity had a very significant impact,The forward speed and the rotating speed of the rotary tiller blade have a significant impact.It is of reference significance to the actual operation.The fertilizing system of rotary tiller was designed,the whole fertilizing control system was designed,the hardware and software of the control system were designed,and the mathematical model of the control system of layered fertilizer was established among the advance speed,rotating speed of fertilizer discharge shaft and fertilizing amount.The optimal control algorithm is determined through simulation test on the algorithm,so as to ensure stable fertilization and uniform fertilizer discharge during the fertilizing process and realize intelligent fertilizing control.The forward speed and the rotating speed of the fertilizer discharge shaft are measured in real time by single chip microcomputer.Through the field test on the deep loosening rotary tiller,the designed operation equipment has good operation performance,all operation parts can meet the operation requirements,the stability coefficient of deep loosening depth is 95.12%,the stability coefficient of rotary tiller depth is 93.63%,and the vegetation coverage rate is 78.4%;The soil crushing rate is 76.2%.The deep loose rotary tiller has a certain reliability.Through the actual test,it is found that the structure of the prototype is reasonable and the design scheme is feasible.