Study On Seed Plant Diversity In Liangshui National Nature Reserve Of Heilongjiang Province

In order to fully understand the Species diversity of Spermatophyte in Heilongjiang Liangshui National Nature Reserve,deeply understand the distribution law of plant species in different environments in the reserve,and evaluate the changes in the environment of the reserve in the past 37 years,this study investigated the diversity of Spermatophyte resources,economic plant resources,and the number of protected plant species in Heilongjiang Liangshui National Nature Reserve,The changes of Species diversity of Spermatophyte and geographical distribution of Spermatophyte between 1984 and 2021 were compared.At the same time,the communities at different altitudes in the forest vertical distribution zone of the Reserve and the communities at different soil moisture environments in the Korean pine broad-leaved mixed forest were investigated,and the changes of Spermatophyte family,genus composition and Species diversity index with the environment were studied.The specific research results are as follows:(1)Based on the survey data,it is concluded that there are 901 species of plants belonging to 430 genera,159 families,including lichens,mosses,ferns,Gymnosperm and Flowering plant.Among them,there are 599 species of Spermatophyte belonging to 293 genera and 87 families.In the hierarchical classification of families of Spermatophyte,the families of single genus and few species have the largest number of families.In the hierarchical classification of plant genera,the number of genera included in a single species is the largest.The life forms of Spermatophyte in the Reserve can be divided into trees,shrubs,herbs and vines.Among them,there are 488 species of herbaceous plants and 7 species of Vine plants.(2)In terms of the changes of family,genus,species composition and flora composition of Spermatophyte in the Reserve in 37 years,according to the data of two surveys in 37 years,it can be seen that the temperate nature is the main geographical element of plant genera in the Reserve,and the geographical elements of plant species in the Reserve are relatively complex,but the number of species distributed in China Japan is the largest in both surveys.Over the past 37 years,the composition of dominant families in the protected areas has not changed much,but the composition of representative families has undergone significant changes,with both dominant and representative genera showing significant changes.(3)In terms of economic plant resources,there are various types of economic plants in the protected area,including medicinal plants,wild vegetables,wild fruits,fiber plants,honey source plants,oil plants,and aromatic plants.The utilization parts are diverse,including flowers,leaves,fruits,seedlings,tender buds,etc.The economic plant resources in the protected area include the highest number of wild vegetable plants in Zhongshan,with a total of 99 species.The resources are mainly utilized in leaves,tender buds,and seedlings,followed by medicinal plants,with a total of 77 species.The most utilized part is the whole grass.In terms of key protected wild plants in the protected area,according to the National Key Protected Wild Plant List,there are a total of 13 secondary protected plants in the protected area,of which the orchid family has the highest number of species,with a total of 5 species.(4)In the clusters vertically distributed in the Reserve,with the change of altitude,the changes in the composition of family,genus and species,Species diversity index and other parameters in the clusters do not follow a single change law.According to the discussion and analysis,it can be concluded that the changes in the above parameters are not only related to altitude,but their trend may also be influenced by changes in distribution zones and other environmental factors.(5)In the ecological serie of the mixed forest of Korean pine and broad-leaved soil from thick and humid to barren and arid,the changes in the number of families and genera of the community plants do not show a single change pattern with changes in soil moisture.The number of plant species continues to decrease with a decrease in soil moisture.The Shannon wiener index,Simpson index,and Pielou index all experience a first increase and then decrease change pattern.As the soil moisture decreases,the Sorensen index between clusters shows a gradually decreasing trend,while Morisita Horn shows a first increasing and then decreasing trend.After analysis and discussion in this study,it can be concluded that the differences in plant species composition and diversity parameters among different communities in the ecological serie may be the result of the combined effects of various factors such as soil,slope orientation,and slope position.