Screening Of Eggshell Color Genes And Egg Quality Analysis Of Jingyuan Chicken By Genomics

With the improvement of people’s life quality,more attention is paid to the overall nutritional needs in diet.Eggshell color as the most intuitive sensory evaluation index,usually green shell color is more popular.Jingyuan chicken is an excellent local breed in Ningxia.It mainly produces eggs with pink shell and green shell color.The increase of production of green shell eggs,which are in high demand in the market,can improve the economic benefits of Jingyuan chicken industry.In order to explore the regulation mechanism of eggshell color of static primeval chickens,this study took static primeval chickens as the research object,collected 300-day-old pink shell and green shell eggs for egg quality determination and analysis,and conducted transcriptomic sequencing analysis of their eggshell glands.Combined with simplified genome sequencing data of the previous research group,combined analysis and screening of related genes regulating eggshell color.The main research results are as follows:1.The quality of green shell and pink shell eggs of Jingyuan chickens at 300 days of age was measured and analyzed.The results showed that the shell thickness of green shell eggs was significantly higher than that of pink shell eggs(P<0.01).The Haugh unit,yolk weight and yolk ratio of powder shell eggs were significantly higher than those of green shell eggs(P<0.01).2.The simplified sequencing of 100 samples produced 88.64 Gb of Clean Data,Q30 was more than 92.72%.232 465 and 241 008 SNPs markers were identified in the silting roosters laying pink shell eggs and green shell eggs,respectively.Genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)of eggshell color was performed based on SNPs markers,and 54 genes related to eggshell color,including SLCO1C1 and SLCO1A2,were screened out.3.266 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened by transcriptome sequencing analysis of green shell and pink shell eggshell glands of 300-day-old Jingprid chickens,of which 83 genes were significantly up-regulated and 183 genes were significantly down-regulated.GO and KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to eggshell color(linoleic acid metabolism,linolenic acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism)and melanosis(tyrosine metabolism,melanin production,adhesion plaques,calcium signaling pathways).4.Two genes EDN3 and ZNF831 that regulate eggshell color were identified by genome-wide association analysis and transcriptome combination analysis.In conclusion,there are some differences in egg quality between pink shell and green shell eggs of Jingyuan chickens.In this study,the genes selected by the combination of genomics and transcriptomics can be used as candidate genes for regulating eggshell color,so as to provide basic information for further research on the molecular regulation mechanism of eggshell color formation and the development and utilization of local eggs,and provide molecular genetic markers for the selection and breeding of shell color of Jingyuan chickens.