Design And Experimental Research Of Lotus Root Harvesting Experimental Platform

At present,the lotus root industry is developing rapidly,and varieties and yields have been improved and enhanced,but lotus root harvesting operations still rely on human labour to complete the harvest,which is difficult,with low manual harvesting efficiency and high labour intensity,and existing lotus root harvesting machinery still has problems such as low efficiency,high damage rates and high costs.Based on research into lotus root harvesting equipment and jet technology at home and abroad,this paper designs and develops a lotus root harvesting experimental platform to provide theoretical and technical support for the development of lotus root harvesting equipment.The main work and research results of this paper are as follows:The experimental study of the mechanical properties of the lotus root was carried out using "Baoying Beauty Red" and "ELian No.7" as research objects.The mechanical properties of the lotus roots were first measured in terms of size,moisture content and density,and then tested in terms of compression of the root body,compression of the root flesh,compression of the root segments,crushing of the root body,bending of the root segments and stretching of the root segments.The experiments showed that "Baoying Beauty Red" has better mechanical properties than "ELian No.7" and is more suitable for harvesting by hydraulic excavation,which provides a theoretical basis for determining the working parameters of hydraulic excavation.By establishing the physical and mathematical models of hydrodynamic lotus root excavation,the theoretical analysis of hydrodynamic lotus root excavation was carried out;the finite element model of hydrodynamic lotus root excavation was established using Fluent software,and the influence law of nozzle outlet diameter and spray angle on the stress and scouring effect of lotus root in muddy water was studied.The results show that the lotus root stress is less than its permissible stress;the nozzle diameter is 23mm and the spray angle ranges from 20°to 60°.,the lotus root harvesting effect is better.According to the working principle of hydrodynamic lotus root excavation,the design of lotus root harvesting experimental platform is proposed,including the moving scheme,the jet angle adjustment scheme and the nozzle swinging scheme;the lotus root harvesting experimental platform is designed in detail using Solidworks software,and the key components are selected and calculated;the finite element simulation method is used to establish the finite element model of the walking platform,and modal and strength analyses are carried out to verify the feasibility of the structural design of the walking platform.The experimental platform for lotus root harvesting was developed according to the design plan.A single-factor hydrodynamic excavation experiment was conducted to investigate the important factors affecting lotus root harvesting,and three factors were identified as multi-factor orthogonal experimental variables:travelling speed of the platform,spray angle and target distance.The response surface methodology was used to analyse the effects of travel speed,spray angle and target distance on the time required to flush out lotus roots and the damage rate of lotus roots.The results show that with a travel speed of 0.05m/s,a jet angle of 30°and a target distance of 16cm,the time required to flush out the lotus roots was 17.7s and the damage rate of lotus roots was 7.55%.With these operating parameters,the harvesting operation has a high efficiency and a low damage rate.