Effect Of Seabuckthorn Pomace And Seabuckthorn Seed Meal On In Vitro Rumen Fermentation And Growth Performance,Blood Biochemical Indexes In Lake Sheep

This study was conducted to determine the conventional nutritional composition and in vitro Rumen fermentation of sea buckthorn pomace and sea buckthorn seed meal,and to investigate the effects of their partial substitution for maize and soybean meal on their performance and blood indices in sheep,with the aim of developing the use of local sea buckthorn pomace and sea buckthorn seed meal as ruminant feed resources.This study consisted of three main experiments.Experiment 1:The dry matter（DM）,crude fat（EE）,crude protein（CP）,crude fiber（CF）,crude ash（ASH）,calcium（Ca）,phosphorus（P）,neutral detergent fiber（NDF）,acid detergent fiber（ADF）and nitrogen-free leachate（NFE）of sea buckthorn pomace and sea buckthorn seed meal were determined to understand their nutrient contents and nutritional characteristics.The results showed that:（1）the CP,EE,ASH,NDF and ADF contents of sea buckthorn pomace were 14.61%,10.96%,2.44%,21.82%and 15.08%,respectively;（2）the CP,EE,ASH,NDF and ADF contents of sea buckthorn seed meal were 34.97%,1.60%,2.86%,34.74%and 16.00%,respectively;（3）the crude fiber and calcium contents of sea buckthorn pomace and sea buckthorn seed meal were not significantly different（P>0.05）,the DM,EE and NFE contents of sea buckthorn pomace were highly significantly higher than those of sea buckthorn seed meal（P<0.01）,and the CP,ASH,NDF,ADF and P contents of sea buckthorn seed meal were highly significantly higher than those of sea buckthorn pomace（P<0.01）.Experiment 2:Sea buckthorn pomace and sea buckthorn seed meal were used as in vitro fermentation substrates to detect rumen fermentation-related indexes of different fermentation substrates.Four replicates of each group of samples were added with 0.4 g of substrate each and 60 ml of artificial rumen fluid was inoculated.The results showed that:（1）the p H value of sea buckthorn seed meal was significantly higher than that of sea buckthorn pomace（P<0.01）;（2）the NH₃-N concentration of sea buckthorn seed meal was significantly higher than that of sea buckthorn pomace（P<0.05）;（3）the acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and ethylene propionate produced by the fermentation of sea buckthorn pomace were all slightly higher than that of sea buckthorn seed meal,but the differences were not significantly different（P>0.05）;（4）the dry matter degradation rate of sea buckthorn seed meal was highly significantly lower than that of（P<0.01）.Experiment 3:Forty healthy lake sheep were selected and randomly divided into four groups of 10 sheep each based on the principle of non-significant difference in body weight.The control group（CG）diet was based on corn and soybean meal as the main energy and protein sources,while the test group I（TG1）was supplemented with 10%sea buckthorn seed meal,the test group II（TG2）was supplemented with 10%sea buckthorn pomace,and the test group III（TG3）was supplemented with 8%sea buckthorn seed meal and 7%sea buckthorn pomace,respectively.The diets of each group were formulated according to the principles of equal energy,nitrogen and fiber,and the feed intake and body weight of sheep in each group were recorded and their blood biochemical indexes were measured during the experiment.The results showed that:（1）compared with the control group,the differences in mean daily feed intake,mean daily weight gain,feed-to-weight ratio and initial and final weight were not significant（P>0.05）,but the feed cost and weight gain cost were lower in the test group,and the TG3 group had the lowest feed cost and weight gain cost;（2）compared with the control group,the differences in TP,ALB,GLO,A/G,ALT,CK and TBIL contents in the test group were not significant（P>0.05）,with the AST content of TG1 being significantly higher than the rest of the groups（P<0.01）;（3）compared with the control group,the CRE content of the experimental group was not significantly different（P>0.05）,the BUN content of TG3 was significantly lower than that of TG2 and CG（P<0.01）,and the BUN content of TG1 was significantly lower than that of TG2（P<0.01）;（4）compared with the control group,the differences in serum GLU and AMY levels in the test group of sheep were not significant（P>0.05）;（5）serum calcium levels in TG3 were extremely significantly higher than those in CG（P<0.01）,serum calcium levels in TG2 and TG3 were extremely significantly higher than those in TG1（P<0.01）,and serum phosphorus levels in the test and control groups were not significantly different（P>0.05）.In conclusion,the addition of sea buckthorn pomace and sea buckthorn seed meal to the diet did not affect the feeding effect of lake sheep,in which the addition of 7%sea buckthorn pomace and 8%sea buckthorn seed meal had a positive effect on the blood biochemical indexes of the animal organism,with the lowest feed cost and the greatest economic benefit.