| Fertilizer plays an irreplaceable role in the planting of crops,determines the growth rate and output of crops,and contributes more than 40% to the increase in grain production.In the world,China has many people and extremely high demand for food.Therefore,in the process of planting agricultural products,it is necessary to use chemical fertilizers to increase the yield of crops.However,due to excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilizers,unbalanced ratios of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers,incorrect fertilization directions,and blind fertilization by farmers,etc,the nutrient rate of fertilizers absorbed by crops is reduced,In addition,rice production capacity and land resource utilization efficiency are not sufficient.The increase in rice production has ultimately affected the economic interests of farmers and led to some ecological and environmental problems.The development and use of new fertilizers play a very important role in changing the traditional agricultural production methods,which can improve the soil,provide more nutrients for crops,increasing fertilizer use efficiency,and ultimately increase agricultural output.Therefore,in 2021,in order to explore the application effect of the new type of special fertilizer "Yangnian" in production,the indica two-line hybrid rice "Long liang you 7810" was selected as the test material,and no "Yangnian" was used as the control.The field test was carried out in the experimental field of Huazhong Agricultural University.Through the analysis and study of the effects of the growth and development,yield formation,and lodging resistance of rice under the conditions of direct seeding and transplanting,the effect of the new special fertilizer was further elaborated.The mechanism of rice trait regulation,yield increase and efficiency is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the regional promotion of new fertilizers.Come to the conclusion:(1)The effective panicle number and 1000 grain weight of rice were increased by29.88%-19.08% and 2.18%-2.21% respectively under direct seeding and transplanting conditions,and the yield was t1 5(1.5kg / mu)treatment increased the yield by 19.39%compared with the control,and the yield under transplanting condition was t1.5% 5(1.5kg / mu)treatment increased the yield by 4.72% compared with the control.(2)"Seedling nanny" did not delay the growth period of rice significantly,and "seedling nanny" T1 The whole growth period of 5(1.5 kg / mu)treatment was 120 days,and the shortest delay time was 1 day compared with the control t0(0 kg / mu);"Seedling nanny" T1 The whole growth period of 5(1.5kg / mu)treatment was 122 d,which was the same as that of control t0(0kg / mu).(3)After the application of "seedling nanny",the dry matter accumulation in the whole growth period showed a gradual increasing trend.Under direct seeding and transplanting conditions,from sowing to jointing stage,"seedling nanny" T1 Under the treatment of 5-4.0(1.5-4.0 kg / mu),the dry matter was lower than that of the control t0(0 kg / mu);From jointing stage to heading stage,"seedling nanny" T1 5(1.5kg / mu)treatment was 21.19% and 28.28% higher than the control t0(0kg / mu);"Seedling nanny" T1 The dry matter weight of 5(1.5kg / mu)treatment from heading to maturity was 11.08% and 17.70% higher than that of control t0(0kg / mu).(4)In terms of photosynthetic matter production,the SPAD value of leaves in the whole growth period of rice increased first and then decreased under different application rates of "seedling nanny".Under the conditions of direct seeding and transplanting,the "seedling nanny" treatment group T1 5-t4 0(1.5-4.0 kg / mu)compared with the control group t0(0 kg / mu),we found that the leaf area index,population growth rate and net assimilation rate were significantly lower than those of the control group;There was no significant difference between treatment groups(t1.5-t4.0)from jointing stage to heading stage;From heading stage to maturity stage,the leaf area index,population growth rate and net assimilation rate of the treatment group(t1.5-t4.0)were significantly higher than those of the control at the level of 5%.(5)"Seedling nanny" can significantly improve the lodging resistance of rice,and "seedling nanny" T1 Compared with the control t0(0 kg / mu),5(1.5 kg / mu)treatment reduced the plant at maturity by 6.86% and the height of gravity center by 4.48%;The basal stem diameter,the first internode and the second internode stem diameter increased by 9.29%,9.06% and 6.38% respectively;The wall thickness increased by3.57%,6.10% and 13.71% respectively;The lodging index decreased significantly.Under the same application rate,the plant height and gravity center height decreased by 4.90% and 8.37% respectively,and the basal stem diameter,the first internode and the second internode stem diameter increased by 8.48%,5.39% and 5.48% respectively;The wall thickness increased by 5.75%,6.02% and 1.72% respectively;The lodging index decreased by 8.18%.The breaking resistance of rice has been significantly improved,so as to reduce the risk of lodging. |
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