Study On The Ecological Footprint Analysis And Development Countermeasures Of The Forest Park Tourism In Heilongjiang Province

At present,with the rapid development of forest tourism,the increasing number of forest parks,forest environmental pollution,excessive utilization of forest resources,the carrying capacity of forest parks and other problems,a serious threat to the ecological security and sustainable development of forest parks.Due to the transformation of the main contradiction in our society,the government has placed the construction of ecological civilization in an unprecedented prominent position in social development.Under the background of the construction of ecological civilization,the ecological security of forest parks has been widely concerned by scholars and become a research hotspot.At present,the ecological footprint method is an important method to study the ecological security and sustainable development,and has been widely used in the study of the impact of tourism activities on the ecological environment,which plays an important role in the study of the sustainable development of forest park tourism in Heilongjiang Province.Firstly,through consulting domestic and foreign literature,this study sorted out and analyzed the important research results of ecological footprint,defined the concepts of forest tourism,forest park,ecological footprint and tourism ecological footprint,and expounded the ecological footprint theory and sustainable development theory.Secondly,based on qualitative method,the paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of forest park tourism development in Heilongjiang Province,and the analysis results show that the forest park has insufficient capital investment and imperfect infrastructure;lack of professional talents and low service quality;forest park competition is fierce,product homogenization is obvious;lack of awareness of protection,publicity effect is not obvious and so on.Finally,taking the forest park in Heilongjiang Province as the research object,the ecological footprint synthesis method was used to study the ecological footprint of forest park tourism in Heilongjiang Province from2008 to 2019,and quantitative evaluation was carried out.The results show that the forest park tourism in Heilongjiang Province has been in ecological surplus from 2008 to 2019.In 2019,the total ecological footprint of forest park tourism in Heilongjiang Province was 195,502 hm~2,the total ecological carrying capacity was 3,106,764 hm~2,and the total ecological surplus was2,911,262 hm~2,mean value of the ecological footprint and ecological pressure index were0.8546 and 0.1454.The data show that the forest park tourism in Heilongjiang Province is in the state of sustainable development and ecological security,showing a good trend of development,but the effective development degree is insufficient,specific to each forest park tourism ecological surplus/deficit situation is different,should pay attention to the regional cooperation of forest park.Based on the research results,in order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of forest park tourism in Heilongjiang Province,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.First,the national and local governments should increase investment and improve the construction of tourism facilities.Second,strengthen forest park management and pay attention to ecological environment protection.Third,the forest park of Heilongjiang Province should pay attention to the development of characteristic tourism products and develop new formats of forest park tourism.Fourth,train forest park professionals and improve service level.Fifth,strengthen environmental protection education for tourists and encourage local residents to participate in the construction of forest parks.