Investigation Of Community Economy And Public Conservation Cognition In Zhalong National Nature Reserve

At present,China is fully carrying out the work of building a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body.However,with the development of social economy and the increasing demand for natural resources,national parks and nature reserves are facing the problems of how to balance the relationship between ecological resource protection and regional social and economic development.Under the multiple backgrounds of Northeast revitalization,Rural Revitalization and the proposed National Park in Songnen Plain,this paper carried out an investigation and research on community economy and public protection cognition in Zhalong National Nature Reserve in Songnen Plain.From April to June 2021,from the perspective of community development and public participation in Zhalong National Nature Reserve,the community economic status and development trend of Zhalong National Nature Reserve were analyzed by using sociological research methods such as field interview,questionnaire survey and participatory rural assessment,as well as data analysis methods such as descriptive statistical analysis,correlation analysis,correlation analysis,centralized trend analysis and dispersion analysis,and the protection awareness of local residents and visitors.The results show that:1.The community pillar industry in Zalong reserve is agroforestry(planted arable land,livestock farming and harvested grasses),with a high percentage of the practitioner population(68.16%),followed by ecotourism,agronomy and other individual operations(15.09%).In the population structure,middle-aged and elderly people aged 56 and above account for 50.95%,which was seriously aging compared with 2010.Agroforestry as the pillar industry in this region,which also reflects the strong dependence of the development of this area on ecological resources and nature reserves to a certain extent.2.In 2021,the per capita annual income of community residents is 12115 yuan,and the income level reaches the middle and lower level of Heilongjiang Province.Compared with the6,807.8 yuan per capita annual income of the core area of the reserve in 2010,the economic growth rate is slower.In 2021,the Gini coefficient of households in Zhalong community is0.3902,which is significantly lower than the 0.563 in 2010,indicating that the income gap of households in the community will be further narrowed in 2021.3.The overall understanding of the knowledge of the protected area is higher than that of the residents in the Zhalong community.The environmental knowledge score of both is about 3points.The community residents’ awareness of the national park is higher than that of the tourists,which shows that the environmental education of the protected area is higher than that of the tourists.There is a certain effect,but there is still a need to increase missionary efforts.In terms of protection conversation cognition,community residents and tourists have a certain degree of understanding of the laws and regulations related to nature reserves and wildlife protection.In terms of recognition of current protection policies,tourists are more recognized than community residents,and their awareness of protection is stronger than that of general community residents.However,due to the few cooperation channels between the reserve and the community,there is no effective way for community participation.Based on the above research and analysis results,this paper puts forward suggestions on improving relevant management means and measures in Zhalong Nature Reserve in the future.It is suggested that Zhalong Nature Reserve should fully participate in local socio-economic development,make full use of its own resource advantages,policy advantages and technical advantages,and take effective policies and measures to promote the integrated development of regional socio-economic development and wildlife protection while increasing publicity and education to protect biodiversity.