Study On The Current Status Of Aquatic Biological Reserves In The Yangtze River Basin

As of January 2022,China has established an aquatic biological reserve system in the Yangtze River Basin.There are 332 aquatic life reserves including water areas such as the main stream,tributaries,lakes and reservoirs of the Yangtze River.According to the type of water area,spatial distribution,administrative division,main protected economic species,rare and endangered species among the protected objects,etc.,the overview of aquatic biological protection areas is analyzed in conjunction with the Yangtze River Protection Law.This reaearch is based on the first prohibited protected areas published by the Ministry of Agriculture as the main body.Data collection is carried out by using data platforms such as CNKI,Wanfang Database,Huazhong Agricultural University Library and Web of Science.Analyzes the geographical regionalization of aquatic biological reserves in the Yangtze River Basin with Excel,Google Earth Pro and Arc GIS10.2composition software,to explore the construction status of aquatic life reserves,species protection status,protected area management status and top-level design of the protected area.It provides a reference for species protection,reserve construction,management mechanism and overall top-level design of aquatic biological reserves in the Yangtze River Basin,with a view to better building aquatic biological reserves and providing better protection for aquatic organisms.The following conclusions are drawn.:1.A total of 54 nature reserves and 278 aquatic germplasm resources conservation areas have been built in the Yangtze River Basin,protecting a total of 212 species of aquatic organisms and 141 species of fish.Among them,47 species of economic aquatic animals and plants under national key protection and 59 species of wild animals under national key protection have been included in the protected areas as major protected species.Among the main protected species,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco、Siniperca chuatsi、Culter alburnus、Cyprinus carpi and Andrias davidianusare listed as the main protected species in more than 25 protected areas,and there are still 10 national key protected economic aquatic animals and plants in the Yangtze River Basin that are not listed as protected species.The protection intensity setting of the protected area needs to be adjusted.The Yangtze River Basin Aquatic Biological Reserve protects a total of20,114.94 km~2 of lakes,rivers,swamps and mountain forests.2.The Yangtze River Basin aquatic life reserves are mainly distributed Yichang to the stream outlet of the Yangtze River basin.The provinces with 30 aquatic life reserves are Hubei,Hunan,Anhui,Sichuan,Jiangxi and Jiangsu.In terms of biodiversity,there are 5 areas of biodiversity of international importance in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,but only 1 in the middle and lower reaches,and the number of protected areas in the upper reaches is far less than that in the middle and lower reaches.In terms of the number of aquatic biological reserves in the Yangtze River Basin,tributary-type protected areas are the largest,followed by lake-type protected areas;in terms of total protected area,lake-type protected areas are dominant,followed by tributary-type protected areas.Some urban lakes and fishing grounds that are not suitable for protected areas are listed as protected areas,causing varying degrees of waste of resources;some lakes have been declared by multiple units and divided into multiple protected areas or protected areas duplicate the lake,it caused the waste of resources and is not good for management and scientific research.In some protected areas,the zoning and geographic coordinates of protected areas are not allowed in the reported materials,which need to be verified and improved3.There are 54 aquatic biological reserves in the Yangtze River Basin as nature reserves,and more than half of the nature reserves have special management units.After nearly 70 years of development,from the national legal level to the local management departments to the rules and regulations and operation of the protected areas,they have developed relatively well.Since 2007,China’s aquatic germplasm resources protected areas have experienced more than ten years of development,the construction of protected areas has begun to take shape,the state has also issued such as the"China Aquatic Biological Resources Conservation Action Outline","Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area Management Interim Measures"and other laws and regulations,In March 2021,the landing of the"People’s Republic of China Yangtze River Protection Law"also provides a strong guarantee for the effective protection of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River and the aquatic organisms living in it.Some aquatic germplasm resources conservation areas have also formulated local management measures and regulations in conjunction with the documents issued by the state.The scientific research on protected areas is also mainly concentrated in nature reserves,and the scientific research level of aquatic germplasm resources conservation areas is relatively weak,which is in connection with related that there are not many special management institutions in aquatic germplasm resources protection areas.This study analyzed the current status of the construction of aquatic biological reserves in the Yangtze River Basin,and puts forward practical suggestions for the top-level design of the protected area,the rational setting of protected species,and the scientific management of the protected area in the future.Provide reference for protecting the aquatic biological resources and water ecological environment of the Yangtze River.