Utilization Of Cold Resistant Germplasm Of Potato Wild Species Solanum Boliviense

Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)is an important economic crop with both grain and vegetables.However,most potato varieties are not resistant to low temperatures and frost.Global economic losses to the potato industry due to low temperatures as well as frost annually amount to hundreds of billions of yuan.Low temperature freezing injury is one of the important factors limiting the health and stable development of the potato industry.The diploid potato wild species S.boliviense has strong cold resistance.In this study,the cold resistance breeding materials with S.boliviense blood relationship were created by doubling the chromosome of the cold resistance breeding intermediate material with S.boliviense genetic resources and crossing the chromosome doubling strains with the cultivated species with excellent comprehensive characters.The main research results are as follows:1.Colchicine was used to double the chromosomes of two strains FT051-8 and FT051-9 of Hybrid F1 generation of wild species S.boliviense and one strain FT073-15 of BC1 generation.There were significant differences among the three different concentrations of colchicine.With the increase in colchicine treatment concentration,the growth of tissue culture seedlings was slow and the survival rate decreased.In this study,chromosome doubling strains of FT051-8 and FT073-15 were successfully obtained.The results showed that the NA of chromosome doubling strain T-FT051-8-1 of FT051-8 was-3.45 ℃ and CA was-4.02 ℃.The NA distribution of nine chromosome doubling strains of FT073-4 ranged from-2.82 ℃ to-3.83 ℃,and the average value was-3.35 ℃;CA is distributed between-4.29 ℃ and-5.45 ℃,and its average value is-4.86 ℃.The NA of three chromosome doubling strains of FT073-15 was distributed between-2.84℃ ～-3.50 ℃,the average value was-3.15 ℃,and the CA was distributed between-4.04℃ ～-5.24 ℃,with the average value being-4.44℃.The cold resistance of most chromosome doubled strains was not significantly improved before and after doubling,but was significantly higher than that of tetraploid E3.Most of the strains showed a strong enhancement in plant height,stem coarseness,petal size,and pollen grain size before doubling.2.The early chromosome doubling materials were crossed with tetraploid commercial varieties with excellent comprehensive characters.In order to introduce the cold resistance of S.boliviense into tetraploid cultivated potato.We obtained 5 hybrid combinations,23 berries and 683 hybrid seeds.It is used for breeding of late cold resistant genetic breeding materials.Using the existing hybrid combination of T-FT073-4-7 and Huashu 13.The seeds germinated into seedlings.We obtained 49 strains of F1 progeny,Which is FT123.These tetraploid interspecific hybrids were subjected to natural frost in the field.The results show a clear segregation of anti-sense in the progeny.There are 23 materials with strong cold resistance.There are 6 materials that are sensitive to cryofrost.There were 20 materials between the two parents.The cold resistance of some strains of FT123 combination was identified.The NA of FT123 combination was distributed between-2.30 ℃ ～-3.28 ℃,and the average value was-2.71 ℃.All materials of FT123 combination were significantly higher than their male parent Huashu 13.The cold resistance of wild species S.boliviense was successfully introduced into cultivated species.According to the statistical analysis of cold resistance and agronomic characters of FT123 strain,we preliminarily screened FT123-5 and FT123-14 as breeding materials with excellent comprehensive agronomic characters.