Research On Double Missed Seeding Detection And Reseeding Device Based On Optical Fiber Sensor And Machine Vision

During the planting process,the seeder may miss planting due to mechanical vibration,lack of seed in the seed box,blockage of the seed tube and seed tray,etc.,which directly affects the crop yield.At present,different types of sensors are mainly used to detect the missed sowing,and the replanting device is used for reseeding.However,due to the different locations of missed sowing,the detection by a single sensor cannot adapt to the complex and changeable environment.Therefore,this paper proposes a detection system with fiber-optic missing-seeding detection and machine vision detection for the problem of missing seeding at different positions,and designs a multi-disk fast and intelligent reseeding device.The main research results are as follows:(1)Aiming at the phenomenon of missing seeding caused by poor seed filling of the seed metering device,a fiber-optic missing-seeding detection system is designed,and an angle interval detection method based on the comprehensive analysis of fiber-optic sensor and encoder is proposed.The detection system includes a missed sowing judgment program and a host computer interactive interface.In the missed sowing judgment program,when the system detects that the seed metering device has missed sowing,it transmits a reseeding signal to the reseeding device for quick reseeding.The parameter initialization of the detection system,convenient control and real-time display of detection results are completed through the host computer.Design and build a test bench.The bench test was carried out with Suinong 26 soybean grains as the test object,and the detection performance of the detection system under different seeding shaft speeds and different missed sowing types was analyzed.The test results show that the detection accuracy of the designed missed broadcast detection system is greater than 91.1%.(2)Aiming at the problem of missing seeding in the seed metering device,a multi-disc fast and intelligent reseeding device and a corresponding intelligent control system are designed.When the fiber optic missing seeding detection system detects missing seeding,the reseeding device is triggered to quickly reseed.The control system judges that the system has entered the reseeding mode or the reseeding mode through the missing sowing signal and the built-in sensor detection signal,so as to realize the functions of automatic reseeding and reseeding.Based on the optical fiber missed sowing detection system,a bench test was carried out.Taking Suinong 26 soybean grains as the test object,the performance of the reseeding device was tested under different seeding shaft speeds and different missed sowing types.When the number of missed seeds was less than 3 seeds,the reseed rate was higher than 94%;but when the number of missed seeds was more than3 consecutive seeds,the reseed rate decreased gradually with the increase of the rotation speed of the seeding shaft,but all were higher than 87%.(3)Aiming at the problem that the seeds cannot be discharged normally due to the blockage of the seed tube,and the state of the seeds cannot be monitored after they fall into the seed ditch,a machine vision-based missed sowing detection system is designed to detect the missed sowing of the seeds that are not covered with soil in the seed ditch.In order to optimize the machine vision inspection program and determine the best test factors for machine vision inspection,a machine vision-based missed-seeding detection test bench was designed,taking Suinong 26 soybean seeds and Nongda 108 corn seeds as the test objects to conduct missed-seeding detection experiments.Through the experiment,the influence of the wavelength of light and the speed of the conveyor belt on the detection accuracy is obtained.When the conveyor belt speed is 0.2m/s,the obtained detection accuracy is higher than 93%.(4)A seeding monomer with missed seeding detection and reseeding functions was designed,and a seeding monomer experiment was carried out.The seeding monomer was fixed on the soil tank test vehicle for testing,and the seeding monomer was driven forward by the test vehicle.Taking Suinong 26 soybean grains as the test object,the performance of the seeding monomer was tested at different advancing speeds.Through the test,it was found that when the detection system and the reseeding device were turned off,the missed seeding rate was as high as 12.4%,and the missed seeding rate was only 2.5% after the detection system and the reseeding system were turned on.The missed sowing situation has been greatly improved,and the sowing quality has been improved.