| In recent years,protecting the life and property safety of university students and caring for the physical and mental health of university students has become an urgent issue for colleges and universities in China.At present,choosing simple,appropriate,convenient and effective intervention methods to guide university students to relieve physical and mental pressure,improve negative emotions and attention is the most important part of university students’ mental health education.This study combined environmental rehabilitation experience with mindfulness intervention,and adopted the forest therapy empirical research model to explore the impact of mindfulness intervention on university students’emotions and attention in three environments.Methods:185 after filtering,the participants were university students were randomly divided into three groups of experimental group(df=38,35,35)and a set of control group(df=43),in which the experimental group subjects respectively in FAFU LanYuan、Zhonghua garden,Forest therapy and testing laboratory of FAFU to carry out the 14 days of mindfulness training,At the same time,the environmental factor data within 14 days in the three groups were collected,and the control group did not do any intervention.Physiological instruments and psychological scales were used to collect the data of various indicators of the subjects.By comparing the changes of some physiological and psychological indicators of the subjects in three stages within 14 days,the main results are as follows:(1)Among the three environments,the average concentration of negative oxygen ions in LanYuan was 1631/cm3 within 14 days,which was the highest among the three environments.There were various plants,lush trees and gloomy environment,but temperature and humidity fluctuated greatly.The average negative oxygen ion concentration in the Ulmus parvifolia woods of the Zhonghua Garden was 843/cm3,which was lower than LanYuan.The average humidity,wind speed and noise index were 63.49%,1.12m/s and 52.35dB,respectively,which were higher than those of the other two environments.The terrain was flat and the field of vision was wide.There were mainly Ulmus parvifolia around,but the wind speed and noise index were higher than those of the other two environments.However,compared with the other two environments,the wind speed is larger and the noise index is higher.The average concentration of negative oxygen ions in the indoor environment was 578/cm3,and all environmental factors fluctuated smoothly compared with the two natural environments.The intuitive feeling of the human body was the most comfortable among the three environments.(2)After two weeks of mindfulness intervention,HBP,LBP,HR,SDNN,HF Norm and LF Norm of LanYuan changed from 115.65mmHg,73.5mmHg,82.9bpm,68.91ms,41.00,54.68 before intervention to 105.92mmHg,67.54mmHg,71.57bpm,94.21ms,52.09,46.07(P<0.05)after intervention,indicating that it had a positive effect on individual physiological benefits.the score of TMD and FFMQ "perceptive action"dimension decreased(P<0.05).HBP,LBP,HR,SDNN,HF Norm and LF Norm in Zhonghua Garden changed from 111.29mmHg,70.38mmHg,78.00 bpm,62.35ms,41.60,41.32 before intervention to 107.76mmHg,68.47mmHg,72.77bpm,78.89ms,51.15,48.06(P<0.05)after intervention.The indoor environment group,the scores of "observation","description","action with awareness" and "inaction" in FFMQ scale changed from 24.5,30.0,26.9 and 30.3 before intervention to 29.1,32.6,18.4 and 20.9 after intervention(P<0.05),which played a role in the recovery of individual attention.(3)The effect of mindfulness in LanYuan on blood pressure,heart rate variability and negative emotions was better than that in the other environment.HBP and LBP decreased by 7.24%and 8.55%respectively.SDNN and HF Norm increased by 54.68%and 38.09%,respectively.POMS scores on the "psycho-vitality" dimension increased by 2.76,and total mood disorders decreased by 12.65.The indoor mindfulness intervention was better than the other two environments in restoring individual attention.After intervention,the scores of "observing","describing","acting with awareness" and "not acting" increased by 5.50,4.33,4.60 and 3.33,respectively.The order of positive effects of mindfulness on individual emotions in three environments was Forest LanYuan>ZhongHua Garden>Indoor environment.In terms of the effect on individual concentration,mindfulness training in indoor environment is better than that in outdoor natural environment.(4)In the relationship between the physiological and psychological indicators of the subjects and the environmental factors of forest orchid garden,there were correlations between negative oxygen ion,human comfort index,CO2 concentration and a number of human indicators.The comprehensive effect of various environmental factors on the variation of HR,SDNN and HF Norm was more than 80%(R2=0.86,0.80,0.84).But the relationship with individual attention change is not obvious.In addition,according to the changes of human comfort in the forest environment during the day,the period from 10:00 to 16:00 in autumn is the most suitable for forest recreation activities.(5)On the estates of forest and mindfulness of intervention for Female to improve mood better than male,the improvement of heart function in patients with exercise habits is better than no exercise habits,the natural frequency of 3-4 times within half a year to improve blood pressure effect is best,half years without the natural behavior of the crowd was mood-elevating effect is best.And for different groups of people,different venues can be selected to maximize the effects on individual emotions and attention.The first test of this study is to explore the influence of natural environment combined with mindfulness intervention on the emotions and attention of college students.The results can provide certain data support for subsequent environmental psychology research,and the conclusion can provide certain reference value for the diversification of mental health education methods for college students. |
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