A Research On Key Technology Of Artificial Breeding Of Pachycrepoideus Vindemmiae By Musca Domestica

As a widely-adapted parasitic natural enemy,the Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae is a natural enemy with strong control over a variety of flies.Musca domestica is a high-quality resource insect,and artificial breeding technology is mature.Therefore,the use of M.domestica to develop P.vindemmiae on a large scale golden wasp has a good application prospect for the in-depth development and utilization of this natural enemy for pest control,but there are few reports on the technology of using M.domestica for mass breeding of P.vindemmiae.Therefore,in this paper,M.domestica were used as the host for the test,and the key technologies for large-scale breeding of the P.vindemmiae were clarified by carrying out research on the indoor propagation method of the P.vindemmiae,the host pupae and the low-temperature storage technology of the parasitic pupae.Provide theoretical reference for mass breeding of the P.vindemmiae golden wasp.The main findings of this study are as follows:1.Morphological observation of each insect form of the P.vindemmiaeUnder the condition of 25 ℃,the developmental period of the larvae was 18.24 d,of which the egg stage was 0.70 d,which was banana-shaped and milky white;the larval stage was 8.78 d,which was divided into three stages:early stage,middle stage,and late stage.Transparent,the abdomen is brown,the tracheal system and circulatory system can be seen on the back of the mid-larva,the body color becomes pale white,the body size of the larva increases significantly in the later stage,and flocculent fat appears in the body;the pre-pupal stage 0.92 d,the body is milky white,the body size shrinks,and the abdomen is obvious larger than the head;the pupal stage is 7.84 d,and it is divided into three stages:early stage,middle stage,and late stage.In the early stage of the pupae,the body color changes from white to dark yellow,and the eyes are red.In the middle stage of the pupa,the abdomen and chest become dark brown.In the late stage of the pupae,the whole pupae body turns black.adult females are significantly larger than males,with downy hairs on the top of their heads,with obvious upward trend.2.Reproductive biology of the P.vindemmiae on the M.domesticaP.vindemmiae have both hermaphroditic and parthenogenetic reproductive modes on M.domestica pupae.The female ratio of fully mated offspring was 63.87%;the number of bees produced from a single pupa of parasitic pupae was 1;the average egg laying period was 12 d The average number of eggs laid by a single female was108.28 eggs.The peak spawning period was mainly concentrated in 1-5 days after eclosion.The first 5 days accounted for 87.5% of the total number of eggs laid.Among them,the 2-and 3-day-old female P.vindemmiae lay the highest number of eggs,with an average of 22.83 eggs per day.3.Study on the propagation technology of the P.vindemmiae,Golden wasp on the M.domestica pupaeAt 25 ℃,the effects of the proportion of inoculation,the time of inoculation(48h,24 h),and the number of inoculations(1 time,2 times)on the parasitized number of P.The results showed that the ratio of 1:40 was the best ratio of P.vindemmiae to P.vindemmiae.Under the condition of this ratio of P.vindemmiae,the parasitic number of P.vindemmiae in the first 48 h was up to 27.46,which was significantly higher than that of 18.6 in 24 hours.The parasitism of the second 24 h and 48 h wasps were14.40 and 14.93,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two,significantly higher than the 33.00 grains at 24 h of P.vindemmiae picking.4.Effects of cold storage of M.domestica on the reproduction of the P.vindemmiaeisUnder the conditions of-4 ℃,0 ℃,4 ℃,and 8 ℃,the emergence rate of M.domestica pupae in different refrigeration time,the parasitic number and the sex ratio of parasitic pupae to P.vindemmiae and offspring lifespan.The results showed that low temperature refrigeration can significantly reduce the eclosion rate of M.domestica.The M.domestica cannot eclosion after being refrigerated for 5 days at-4 ℃,and the eclosion rate is only 8.33% when refrigerated at 0 ℃ for 10 d.The20-day M.domestica eclosion rate was only 22.67% and 35.00%;low-temperature refrigeration of M.domestica pupae also had a significant adverse effect on parasitoid eclosion,and the eclosion number of golden larvae was significant after 10 days of cold storage at-4 ℃ and 0 ℃.The parasitic wasp eclosion rate decreased significantly at 4 ℃and 8 ℃ for 20 d and 25 d,respectively.When the cold storage period of parasitic pupae reached 30 d at each test temperature,the eclosion number of the P.vindemmiae was less than 8;cold temperature and refrigerating time had no significant effect on the sex ratio of P.vindemmiae;cold storage the parasitic pupae for less than 10 d would not have a significant adverse effect on the lifespan of the P.vindemmiae.It decreased significantly with the extension of refrigeration period,but the 8 ℃ treatment group was significantly better than the other treatment groups.5.Effects of cold storage on the offspring rate of P.vindemmiaeTaking the early larval,middle and late larval,early pupal and late pupal stages as low-temperature storage worms,the eclosion rates of the P.vindemmiae in different cold storage periods were measured at 3 ℃,6 ℃,9 ℃ and 12 ℃.The results showed that the synergistic effect of refrigeration time and refrigeration temperature had a certain effect on the emergence rate of parasitic pupae of different parasitic states.Except for the early stage of the pupae,the emergence rate of other parasites at different refrigeration temperatures decreased significantly with the extension of refrigeration time;in the early stage of the pupa as a storage worm,and refrigerated at9 ℃ for 30 d,the parasitic pupae eclosion rate could still reach 89.06%,and there was no significant decrease.However,under other temperature conditions,the eclosion rate of the parasitic pupae treated in the early pupal state was significantly reduced until 30 d.