| The consumption of a large amount of fossil energy results in serious environmental pollution and places great pressure on human beings on resource depletion.Therefore,people gradually turn to renewable energy in the development and utilization of energy.As a kind of renewable solar power generation,photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly at home and abroad.The early photovoltaic power stations in China were mainly built in the northwest desert region,but in recent years,the number of photovoltaic power stations in grassland has also increased rapidly.The photovoltaic power stations in the western grassland region of Jilin Province have been built in the last ten years,and the number of photovoltaic power stations in the grassland region will increase greatly in the future.The construction process and operation of photovoltaic power station will have a certain impact on the environment.However,little is known about the impact of photovoltaic panel arrays on grassland ecosystems,especially degraded grasslands.Therefore,the study on the response of soil and vegetation to photovoltaic plate array in the Songnen degraded grassland is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the impact of photovoltaic power station on degraded grassland ecosystem.In this study,the Honghua photovoltaic power station in Changling County,Jilin Province,which was selected as the research site in this study.The grassland before the statoion has been severely degraded.Three different treatments were set up outside the photovoltaic power station(control group,CK),under a photovoltaic panel(PV)and between photovoltaic panels(G),and the L.chinensis community,A.scoparia community and Forb community were selected for vegetation investigation and soil collection.By comparing the differences of plant community quantitative characteristics and soil physical and chemical characteristics under different treatments,and exploring the relationship between plant community quantitative characteristics and soil physical and chemical characteristics,as well as the effect of photovoltaic power station on the restoration of degraded grassland.The purpose of this study is to answer the following questions:(1)What is the effect of photovoltaic panel arrays on plant communities?(2)What is the effect of photovoltaic panel arrays on the soil physical and chemical characteristics of different community types?(3)How did the relationship between the quantitative characteristics of the community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil change under the influence of the photovoltaic plate array?(4)What is the effect of photovoltaic panel arrays on the restoration of degraded grassland?The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The effects of photovoltaic panel arrays on the quantitative characteristics of different community types are different.In PV,the community density,aboveground biomass and diversity of the L.chinensis community decreased significantly.The height,coverage,biomass and diversity of the A.scoparia community in G were significantly increased,which promoted the community.Photovoltaic plates significantly promoted the height and biomass of the Forb community but significantly inhibited their plant diversity.The amount of litter in each community was not significantly affected by the photovoltaic panel array.(2)The effects of the photovoltaic panel array on the soil physical and chemical characteristics of different community types were different.In the L.chinensis community,the contents of soil total nitrogen(TN)and total carbon(TC)in PV were lower than those in CK,soil total organic carbon(TOC)in PV was higher than those in CK and G,microbial biomass carbon(MBC)was higher than that in CK,and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)in G was the lowest.The soil p H and electrical conductivity(EC)of the A.scoparia community were the highest in PV,while TN,TC and MBC showed the highest value in G.In the Forb community,the soil TC,TOC,p H and EC in PV showed the maximum;the soil TN was significantly lower than in CK;the MBC in G was significantly higher than that of the other two groups;and the soil available nitrogen(AN)in PV was the lowest.(3)The results of the correlation analysis showed that the biomass of the L.chinensis community was positively correlated with soil available phosphorus(AP)and total nitrogen(TN);the diversity index was positively correlated with total nitrogen(TN)and negatively correlated with total organic carbon(TOC);the biomass and diversity of the A.scoparia community were positively correlated with microbial biomass carbon(MBC),and the diversity was negatively correlated with microbial biomass carbon(MBC);and the biomass of the Forb community was positively correlated with total nitrogen(TN),and the diversity index was positively correlated with total carbon(TC).Therefore,the key soil factors affecting the quantitative characteristics of different community types are different.(4)Through the comprehensive analysis of the vegetation and soil characteristics after the operation of the photovoltaic power station for 3 years,a preliminary conclusion is drawn,that is,after the operation of the photovoltaic power station,the grassland productivity is increased and the soil nutrient status is improved.In summary,photovoltaic plate array had significant effects on the quantitative characteristics and soil physical and chemical characteristics of the Songnen grassland community.As photovoltaic panel array will affect a variety of environmental factors,such as light,moisture,temperature and so on,these environmental factors will directly or indirectly affect vegetation and soil.Therefore,the specific responses of different community types and soil physical and chemical characteristics to photovoltaic plates are different.However,on the whole,the vegetation productivity in the power plant is higher,the soil nutrient status is better,and the productivity of degraded grassland vegetation shows a trend of recovery.This study reveals the response of grassland vegetation and soil to photovoltaic plate array,which has important theoretical significance for in-depth understanding of the impact of photovoltaic power station on degraded grassland ecosystem.It also has a certain reference value for the future Songnen grassland photovoltaic power station construction,planning and environmental impact assessment. |
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