| Grafting is one of the commonly used techniques in fruit and vegetable seedling raising.Grafting can enhance crop stress resistance,overcome soil-borne diseases and increase yield.The high-quality healing of rootstock and scion is one of the key factors determining the survival of grafting,and precise environmental regulation is crucial to promoting healing and ensuring the quality of healing.In order to achieve precise control of the environment during the grafting healing period and improve the healing quality of grafted seedlings,this paper designs a simple vegetable grafting healing device based on the requirements for environmental parameters during the vegetable grafting healing period.The following main conclusions were obtained:1.Based on the size of the grafting seedling tray,the overall space of the device is optimized,and the environmental control system of the device is modularized in accordance with the principle of practicality.The length,width and height of the device are 160 cm,60 cm and 160 cm respectively.The device is divided into upper,middle and lower layers,the height of a single layer is 20 cm,and the available seedling area is 2.75 square meters.2.Adopt modularized environmental regulation and control system design.The light source adopts three kinds of light sources: LED red,blue and green,embedded in the control module to realize the independent adjustment of the light intensity of each lamp bead.Each layer is provided with 4 lamps,the spacing is 15 cm,the length of a single lamp is 155 cm,and the power is 60 W.The lamp beads are arranged in a five-point matrix with an interval of 15 mm,and the number of red,blue and green light sources is 40,20,and 40 respectively;the air circulation adopts an upper-split layered design to ensure the uniformity of the air distribution.The main duct,secondary duct and air outlet duct are made of φ75 mm,φ50 mm and φ20 mm PVC pipes respectively.Each layer is evenly distributed with 4 exhaust air ducts,with φ10 mm air outlets set at 10 cm intervals,and a total of 60 air outlets are set on each layer;the heating device adopts electric heating film,which is controlled separately by layer.The electric heating film is placed at the bottom,and the length and width of each layer are 150 cm and 55 cm respectively,and the power is 60 W.The cooling device adopts a semiconductor refrigerator with a cooling power of120W;the humidification device adopts an ultrasonic humidifier with a power of 30 W and an atomization rate of 0~300 ml/h.The air humidity can be controlled at a faster rate;the control background system is designed based on the Internet of Things technology,and the environmental data and equipment operating status are uploaded to the cloud platform by wireless transmission equipment,so as to realize the remote control of the device,data information sharing and the operation of various environmental strategies.The control system includes modules such as environmental monitoring,information warning,equipment control,and environmental strategy.3.When the photon flux densities are 75,125,175 and 225 μmol·m-2·s-1,respectively,the illumination non-uniformity coefficients are 0.015,0.017,0.022 and 0.037,respectively,which satisfy the overall illumination non-uniformity coefficient of less than 0.15.Requirements;the temperature change range is 22 ℃-27 ℃,the average maximum temperature difference between each layer is 3.2 ℃,the temperature non-uniformity coefficients of the first,second and third layers are 0.046,0.051 and 0.061 respectively;the humidity in the device during the healing period is 0-2 d,3-4 d,5-6 d and 7-8 d,the average air humidity was 94.3%,88.2%,82.25% and75.5%,respectively,which were consistent with the set humidity gradient strategy value of75%-95%.The overall humidity The uniformity coefficient is 0.137;when the average wind speed in the device is set to 0.3m/s,the overall wind speed non-uniformity coefficient is 0.107.The environmental control equipment has a response rate of 100%.The temperature and humidity environment strategy of the early warning system based on the environmental parameter threshold triggers a total of 64 adjustment commands.The adjustment is successfully executed 62 times,and the equipment execution response rate is 96.8%.4.The results of several consecutive grafting and healing experiments show that the survival rate of tomato grafted seedlings using this simple grafting and healing device reaches 96.5%,and the grafting and healing time is shortened by 1-1.5 d.In conclusion,the designed simple grafting and healing device has stable operation and precise environmental regulation,which can achieve high-quality healing of grafted seedlings. |
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