| Intercropping of soybean and corn is an important measure to solve the conflict between soybean and corn for land and improve soybean productivity in China.In order to screen out soybean varieties suitable for intercropping with corn,field tests were carried out in Dancheng County national Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park in Henan Province from 2020 to 2021.Ten soybean varieties(H12,H13,H19,H20,H21,H28,H32,J17,J99,X12)were intercropped with high stalk and large ear semi-compact corn variety JQ119 and short stalk and medium ear compact corn variety FD10 according to the row ratio of soybean and corn 4:2.The yield,yield components,dry matter,economic benefits and intercropping advantages of soybean monoculture and maize monoculture were analyzed.The main results are as follows:1.Soybean/corn intercropping increased soybean pod number per plant,seed number per pod and 100-seed weight,but decreased grain number per ear for both maize varieties.In 2020,the average kernels per ear in intercropping 119 decreased by 12.45% compared with the control,and the average kernels per ear in intercropping FD10 decreased by 9.14% compared with the control,but there was no significant difference in 100-kernel weight.In 2021,the average grain number per spike of intercropping JQ119 decreased by 14.75% compared with the control,but the difference in 100-grain weight was not significant.Compared with the control,the average grain number per panicle of FD10 decreased by 10.91%,but the ratio of100-grain weight increased by 11.89%.2.Compared with monoculture soybean and monoculture maize,dry matter accumulation and grain yield of intercropping soybean and maize decreased significantly.In 2020,the land equivalent ratio of H13 intercropping JQ119,H19 intercropping JQ119,H32 intercropping FD10 is greater than 1,and the system productivity and economic benefits are greater than the control.In 2021,the land equivalent ratios of H13,H21,H28,H32,J17 intercropping with J119 are all greater than 1,and the land equivalent ratios of H19,H20,H28,H32,J17,J99,X12 intercropping with FD10 are all greater than 1.According to the results of two years,H13 is suitable for intercropping with JQ119,and J17 also has a good performance.H32 is suitable for intercropping with medium bar compact corn variety FD10,and H20 also has good performance,which has the value of popularization and application.3.Soybean corn interplanting system,soybean and corn competition effects were greater than mutually beneficial effects,corn competitiveness than soybeans,exist intraspecific competition and interspecific competition at the same time,in does not suffer from natural disasters in 2021 intercropping increased the proportion of the dry matter accumulation after popcorn,intercropping in suffer from natural disasters in2021 reduced the dry matter accumulation after flowering of corn. |
