| Parotis Hübner,1831 and Conogethes Meyrick,1884 belong to Margaroniini of Spilomelinae(Lepidoptera: Crambidae).The paper summarized the research status and taxonomic problems of these two genus.Taxonomic study of Parotis Hübner,1831 and Conogethes Meyrick,1884 from China were carried out.The results are as follows.1.The external morphology and genitalia of the genus Parotis were studied.The images of the type specimens of some species were examined.A total of 23 species of Parotis are recorded from China,including eight new species,three new combinations and three newly recorded species.The genitalia of four known species are described for the first time.Images of adults and genitals are provided.The catalogues of domestic and global species are listed,and keys to species were provided.The COI data of 16 species of Parotis were obtained and the neighbour joining(NJ)trees were constructed based on these sequences.The genetic distance are analyzed for identification.New species: P.denticulata sp.nov.,P.fractiflexa sp.nov.,P.longata sp.nov.,P.semialba sp.nov.,P.indecora sp.nov.,P.incurviuscula sp.nov.,P.obtusalis sp.nov.,P.recta sp.nov.New combinations: P.hilaralis(Walker,1859)comb.nov.,P.nilgirica(Hampson,1896)comb.nov.(No specimens),P.tricoloralis(Pagenstecher,1888)comb.nov.Newly recorded species: P.chlorochroalis(Hampson,1912),P.fallacialis(Snellen,1890),P.incurvata(Warren,1896).Species with genitalia described for the first time: P.chlorochroalis(Hampson,1912),P.fallacialis(Snellen,1890),P.incurvata(Warren,1896),P.tricoloralis(Pagenstecher,1888).2.The external morphology and genitalia of the genus Conogethes were studied.The images of the type specimens of some species were examined.A total of 15 species of Conogethes are recorded from China,including four new species,one new combination and four newly recorded species.The genitalia of four known species are described for the first time.Images of adults and genitals are provided.The catalogues of domestic and global species are listed,and keys to species are provided.The COI data of 20 species of Conogethes were obtained and the neighbour joining(NJ)trees were constructed based on these sequences.The genetic distances are analyzed for identification.New species: C.latitaeniata sp.nov.,C.striolata sp.nov.,C.attenuata sp.nov.,C.affinattenuata sp.nov.New combinations: C.macrostidza(Hampson,1912)comb.nov.New synonyms: Botys nicippealis Walker,1859 syn.nov.of C.clioalis(Walker,1859).Newly recorded species: C.clioalis(Walker,1859),C.haemactalis Snellen,1890,C.evaxalis(Walker,1859),C.sahyadriensis(Shashank et al.,2018).Species with genitalia described for the first time: C.clioalis(Walker,1859),C.diminutiva Warren,1896,C.macrostidza Hampson,1912,C.pandamalis(Walker,1859).Dichocrocis bicodula Hering,a synonym of C.pandamalis(Walker,1859),was restored to a valid species.3.The distribution of 49 species of Parotis and 22 species of Conogethes,including new species in this study,in the Zoogeographic regions of the world were analyzed and summarized.The results are as follows.(1)Species of Parotis in the Oriental Realm,Ethiopian Realm,Australian Realm and Palearctic Realm have a decreasing trend in turn.No species of this genus are recorded in the Nearctic Realm or the Neotropical Realm.There are nine distribution patterns of Parotis from China.It shows that there are 15 endemic species,accounting for 30.61%,distributed in the Oriental Realm and Ethiopian Realm respectively;two endemic species,accounting for 4.08%,in the Australian Realm;nine endemic species,accounting for 18.37%,both in the Oriental Realm and Australian Realm.It can be inferred that both the Oriental Realm and Ethiopian Realm are the species differentiation centers of this genus,and species in the former is closely related to the Australian Realm and spread to the Palearctic Realm futher.All species of the genus Parotis of China are distributed in the Oriental Realm.There are seven distribution pattens of Parotis from China.It shows there are 10 endemic species,accounting for 43.48%,distributed in the Oriental Realm;six species,accounting for 26.09%,both in the Oriental Realm and Australian Realm;three common species,accounting for 13.04%,in the Palearctic Realm,Oriental Realm and Australian Realm;two species,accounting for 8.70%,both in the Palearctic Realm and Oriental Realm.There is only one species of the other two distribution patterns.(2)Species of Conogethes in the Oriental Realm,Australian Realm,Palearctic Realm and Ethiopian Realm have a decreasing trend in turn.No species of this genus are recorded in the Nearctic Realm or the Neotropical Realm.There are seven distribution patterns of Conogethes from China.It shows that there are one endemic species,accounting for 4.55%,distributed in the Ethiopian Realm and Australian Realm respectively;four endemic species,accounting for 18.18%,both in the Oriental Realm and Australian Realm;three endemic species,accounting for 13.64%,both in the Oriental Realm and Palearctic Realm.It can be inferred that the Oriental Realm is the species differentiation centers of this genus,and species in the former spread to the Australian Realm and Palearctic Realm further.All species of the genus conogethes of China are distributed in the Oriental Realm.There are five distribution pattens of conogethes from China.It shows there are six endemic species,accounting for 42.86%,distributed in the Oriental Realm and Palearctic Realm respectively;two species,accounting for 14.29%,both in the Oriental Realm and Australian Realm;two species,accounting for 14.29%,both in the Palearctic Realm and Oriental Realm;one species,accounting for 7.14%,in the Palearctic Realm,Oriental Realm and Ethiopian Realm. |
