Research On Mechanical Harvesting Adaptability Of The Sugarcane ’zhongzhe’ Cultivars

With the adjustment of industrial structure in China,the labor force of sugarcane production becomes scarce and expensive,and it has become a consensus to improve the operational efficiency of each link through mechanized production.Harvesting operation is an important part of sugarcane production,but the promotion and application of mechanical harvesting has always been a major factor limiting the mechanization of sugarcane production in China due to various factors.In this study,three cultivars of Zhongzhe Series: Zhongzhe 1,Zhongzhe 6and Zhongzhe 9 were designed as test materials and planted at 1.0m,1.2m,1.4m and 1.6m row spacing,respectively.By analyzing the operational quality and the growth,yield and maturity process quality of the stubble cane by artificial harvesting and mechanical harvesting methods,the 12 treatments were comprehensively analyzed by the affiliation function method to explore the mechanical harvesting adaptability of several Zhongzhe cultivars and provide reference for the promotion and mechanical harvesting of these new cultivars.The main findings were as follows.1.This experiment showed that the soil capacity,impurity rate,total loss rate and rate of perennial root of rupture after mechanical harvesting were generally higher than those after artificial harvesting.1.2m row spacing had the lowest impurity rate after mechanical harvesting,and too wide or too narrow row spacing would have a negative effect on the impurity rate of sugarcane mechanical harvesting;eight treatments in this experiment met the standard of total loss rate lower than 4%,but the landing rate was generally high,which might be related to the resistance of sugarcane to overturning Mechanical harvesting had a greater impact on stubble cane root,and there were more factors affecting rate of perennial root of rupture,mainly related to the stubble cane strength of the varieties.2.The results showed that mechanical harvesting had no significant effect on the agronomic characters,yield characters and process quality of sugarcane in the mature stage,and that mechanical harvesting could improve the yield and sucrose content of sugarcane.Between 1.0m row spacing and 1.6m row spacing,the growth ratoon tiller rate increased with the increase of raw spacing after mechanical harvesting,and row spacing had positive effect on the growth ratoon tiller rate.The effective stem spacing decreased with the increase of mechanical harvesting,and the cane yield of 1.6m row spacing was significantly lower than that of other row spacing.Therefore,high row spacing has a positive effect on individual plants,but decreased planting density will affect the overall yield.Sucrose content and sugar yield per hectare were better in 1.2m row spacing and1.4m row spacing.3.According to the ranking and analysis of the affiliation function values,among the three new varieties of the Zhongzhe Series,Zhongzhe 9 and Zhongzhe6 are suitable for mechanical harvesting at the appropriate planting row spacing.The planting row spacing of 1.2m can be adopted as the best row spacing to adapt to mechanical harvesting for Zhongzhe 9,and the planting row spacing of 1.4m can be adopted as the best row spacing to adapt to mechanical harvesting for Zhongzhe 6.4.1.2m treatment of Zhongzhe 9 and 1.4m treatment of Zhongzhe 6 are suitable for mechanical harvesting with good defoliation,strong stubble cane persistence,strong stubble cane development ability and no aerial roots,and are suitable for mechanical harvesting in terms of agronomic traits,yield traits and maturity process quality of lodged cane.However,the resistance to overturning in the 1.2m treatment of Zhongzhe 9 needs further study.