| With the development of society and the improvement of the dietary consumption structure of urban and rural residents,people’s demand for high-quality meat products is increasing.Beef contains nutrients closer to human needs than pork,and its muscle strengthening effect and taste flavor are also better than chicken breast;Linolenic acid can enhance memory,improve visual nerve function,improve cardiovascular function,prevent cardiovascular disease and reduce arteriosclerosis.It can improve the content of linolenic acid in beef,adjust the fatty acid structure in people’s diet and promote the development of high-end beef.The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of adding linolenic acid rich seeds / cake to the diet on the growth performance,digestion and metabolism,blood physiological and biochemical indexes,rumen degradation characteristics,fermentation parameters,slaughter performance and meat quality of Qinchuan beef new line(hereinafter referred to as "Qinchuan beef cattle").Twelve 18 month old Qinchuan beef cattle with similar body condition and healthy and disease-free were selected as experimental animals.They were randomly divided into three groups,four in each group,and divided into control group,12% cold pressed flax cake Group and 12% crushed flaxseed group.Three Qinchuan beef cattle with rumen fistula were selected as the research object to carry out the degradation and metabolism experiment of cold pressed flax cake and crushed flaxseed in rumen.The experimental results are as follows:1.The feed intake and body weight gain of experimental cattle in each group showed a linear upward trend.The feed intake,daily gain,total gain,body height,oblique length and abdominal circumference of experimental cattle in cold pressed flax cake Group and crushed flaxseed group had no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05),but they were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05);Although there was no significant difference in chest circumference among the groups(P > 0.05),the increase of chest circumference in the cold pressed flax cake Group was the largest,which was 16.02 cm,which was 8.07 cm higher than that in the control group;The blood biochemical indexes of cattle in each group were within the normal range;The feed cost per kilogram of weight gain in the cold pressed flax cake Group was only 15.15 yuan.Although there was no significant difference in the feed weight ratio among the groups(P >0.05),the feed weight ratio of the cold pressed flax cake Group was the lowest.2.The bone ratio and net meat rate of test beef in crushed flaxseed group and cold pressed flaxseed cake group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P,The cooking loss of each group increased first and then decreased,but the decrease range of crushed flaxseed group was the largest.In the whole process of acid excretion,the L value of meat color increased significantly in the early stage and decreased in the later stage.The crushed flaxseed group was significantly higher than the control group and cold pressed flax cake Group(P < 0.05).The a value and b value showed an upward trend as a whole,and the difference was not significant(P > 0.05).The contents of linolenic acid and total amino acids in beef of the two experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05).3.The content of butyric acid in rumen of test cattle in cold pressed flaxseed cake Group and crushed flaxseed group was significantly higher than that in control group(P <0.05),and the total volatile fatty acid in crushed flaxseed group was significantly higher than that in control group(P < 0.05);The apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber in the crushed flaxseed group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P <0.05);In the rumen degradation test,the effective degradation rates of cold pressed flax biscuit material,protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in rumen were6.67%,6.16%,11.37% and 0.65% higher than those of crushed flaxseed,respectively.The above test results show that the daily gain of the cold pressed flaxseed cake Group is 0.17 kg and 0.06 kg higher than that of the control group and the crushed flaxseed group,and the net meat rate is 2.81% and 1.26% higher respectively.The feed weight ratio and feed cost per kilogram of weight gain of the cold pressed flaxseed cake Group are 9.33%and 1.27 yuan lower than that of the control group,4.40% and 1.81 yuan lower than that of the crushed flaxseed group.The linolenic acid,arachidic acid and Compared with the control group,the total amount of amino acids increased by 0.33%,0.16%,7.17%,the content of butyric acid in rumen decreased by 33.99%,and the content of volatile fatty acids increased by 18.71%.In conclusion,cold pressed flax cake can improve the weight gain level and slaughter performance of Qinchuan beef cattle,maintain the steady state of rumen environment,reduce methane production,improve feed utilization efficiency,reduce production cost,increase beef nutritional value and tenderness,and improve beef flavor and taste. |
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