Study On Population Suitability Of The Four Apple Hybrid Combinations With ’Fuji’ As The Core Parent

Traditional cross-breeding is still the main method of apple breeding.At present,the general idea of cross-breeding of apples at home and abroad is based on “few combinations and large groups”,and the group size is getting bigger and bigger,which leads to the increase of breeding workload and breeding cost.Population size is closely related to breeding goals.According to the breeding goal of “red,high quality,high yield,and disease resistance”,we take ‘Fuji’ as the core parent,and use ‘Gala’,‘Golden Delicious’,‘Cripps Pink’ ’,‘Qin Guan’as the core parent.Crossed for the backbone parent.In this experiment,these 4 hybrid combinations were selected as experimental materials.According to the breeding goals in2018,2019 and 2020,the proportion of individual plants of excellent lines that met the breeding target traits was counted.The culling rate was used to obtain the output rate of the excellent lines of each hybrid combination,and the minimum value of the hybrid progeny population was comprehensively analyzed in order to reduce the breeding cost.The following research results were obtained:1.Analysis of fruit appearance traits and intrinsic quality traits in offspring of hybrid populations.After 3 consecutive years of investigation and statistics,the phenotypic values of fruit weight,fruit shape index,soluble solids,pulp firmness and juice p H value of the hybrid progeny varied continuously in the hybrid progeny of the 4 combinations,all of which showed few ends and middle.Most of the normal distribution or skewed normal distribution is a quantitative trait,but the L*,a*,b* values of fruit color do not conform to the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits.Fruit shape,color,fruit rust,texture,flavor and other sensory traits were widely separated in the progeny of the four hybrid populations.2.The yield rate of the superior line of the hybrid population is about 0.1%.‘Fuji’ בGala’,‘Fuji’ × ‘Qin Guan’,‘Fuji’ × ‘Cripps Pink’ and ‘Fuji’ × ‘Golden Delicious’ were eliminated in the primary selection,about 20% The offspring of the hybrid enter the checkselection stage.Beginning in 2019,according to the breeding goals,a sensory evaluation survey was carried out for two consecutive years on the fruit traits of the selected populations of each hybrid combination in terms of appearance quality and intrinsic quality.strains,4strains and 4 strains of excellent lines,and the ratios of the excellent lines are 0.08%,0.05%,0.13% and 0.08%,the minimum size of the hybrid combination population is 1250 strains,2000 strains,770 strains and 1250 strains,respectively.