Study On The Effect Of Four Vegetable Jiaosu On Walnut Response To Anthracnose

Walnut（Juglans regia）is an important woody oil tree species,however,in recent years,its industrial development has been seriously impacted by walnut anthracnose.It is urgent to explore green control measures for walnut anthracnose.China has amount of vegetable waste,and its reuse can effectively increase the addotive value.Therefore,in this study,fatmelon Jiaosu,pumpkin Jiaosu,Chinese cabbage Jiaosu,and cabbage Jiaosu were prepared and applied to walnut potted and field seedlings,then soil properties and walnut growth and physiology analyzed to understand the effects of these Jiaosus on walnut resistance to anthracnose damage.The main results are as follows:1.The basic properties of four kinds of Jiaosu:pH ranged 3.22～4.32,total protein content were 5.21～7.91 mg/m L,total phenolic content were 0.29～0.45μg/m L,vitamin E content were 1.01～2.25μg/m L,total sugar content were 6.18%～44.23%and ethanol content were 12.23～50.80μL/m L.Four Jiaosus have certain antioxidant capacity:DPPH free radical scavenging ability is 62.93～93.32μl/m L,ABTS free radical scavenging ability is 0.67～1.02 mM,and total antioxidant capacity（FRAP）is2.25～4.91 m M.The four kinds of Jiaosu have better antibacterial ability at different concentrations,among which the antibacterial ability of pumpkin Jiaosu is stable at different concentrations（1,2,4μL Jiaosu/m L YPDA）,which were 38.42%,38.99%,and 40.13%,respectively.2.The four kinds of Jiaosu were applied to walnut potted plants,and it was found that the Jiaosu could effectively increase the content of nutrients such as organic matter and ammonium nitrogen in the soil.Among them,the soil organic matter applied with cabbage Jiaosu was increased to 10.95 g/kg,and the overall soil enzyme activity showed an upward trend;the soil phosphatase activity with cabbage Jiaosu application increased to 13.47 mg/mL,and the soil urease applied with cabbage Jiaosu increased to21.79 mg/m L.Under anthracnose stress,the abundance of dominant bacterial genera in soil decreased,but the abundance of dominant bacterial genera increased significantly after the application of squash Jiaosu.These results suggested that four kinds of Jiaosu can improve the microenvironment of walnut planting soil.3.The application of four kinds of Jiaosu can improved the vigor of walnut trees under anthracnose stress,maintain a higher level of total chlorophyll and soluble protein content,antioxidant enzyme activity and lower levels of cell damage and reactive oxygen species accumulation.After the application of pumpkin Jiaosu,the total chlorophyll under anthracnose stress was 1.31-fold of the conttrol that no Jiaosu application.After application of Chinese cabbage Jiaosu,the SOD,POD,and CAT activities under anthracnose stress were 1.08-,1.18-,and 2.45-fold of the control without application.After application of fatmelon Jiaosu,the MDA and H₂O₂ content of plants were 44.69%and 63.69%of plants under non-anthrax stress without application of Jiaosu.These results indicated that the four kinds of Jiaosu improved the plant resistance to anthracnose.Summary,in this study,the residues of wax gourd,pumpkin,Chinese cabbage,and cabbage were used as raw materials,and four kinds of Jiaosu were prepared by natural fermentation.Applying them to walnut potted plants and field seedlings can effectively improve soil structure and activity,promote walnut growth and development,and improve walnut resistance to anthracnose.This study could provide a new reference and theoretical basis for the green control of walnut anthracnose.