The Fertilization Effects Research On The Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi Radix’s Nutritional Characteristics And Soil Environment

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,with its high pharmaceutical value,is effective to clear heat and drydampness,purge fire by removing the toxin,and resist bacteria,viruses,,and infection.In recent years,with the deeper and deeper study of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi’s pharmacological action and clinical practice,its applied range is becoming wider.Especially,since the outbreak of COVID-19,Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has been playing a significant role in virus suppression and epidemic control along with other traditional Chinese medicine.Under such a bright spotlight,the market need for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is increasing sharply.However,there is a lack of excellent germplasm resources of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.What’s more,the cultivation technology is not standard.An awkward situation appears which is that the cost of planting is high while the yield and quality are too low.Thereafter,this thesis aims to analyze the effects on the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi growth,flavonoid accumulation,soil microbial population,and enzymatic activity under different fertilization ratios through field experiments and indoor measurement,adopting N,P,and K three factors quadratic saturation D optimum design.Combining the regression model building to analyze the interaction effects between different factors,this thesis tries to find out the best fertilization ratio plan for the highest and best Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and then provides the theoretical background for cultivation technology advancement.This study’s conclusions are as follows:（1）The absorption of N,P,and K for the stem of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is ranked like this:N>K>P.The upper body and the underground roots hold different laws to absorb different elements during different stages.For its roots containing much pharmaceutical value and the dynamic change of the absorption of N,K,and K showing the most rapid speed appears in the middle of August,this thesis proposes to add nitrogenous fertilizer besides the basic amount of N,K,and K in the first part of August.（2）N,K,and K fertilizers are all good for the roots diameter,stem height,and yield increase.The yield increases largely with the presence of these three fertilizers.However,root growth is not obviously affected by fertilization but the low soil fertility.With the yield as a key dictator,the N₃P₃K₁ fertilization ratio treatment makes the yield reach the highest.（3）Nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphatic fertilizer both could increase the flavone and baicalin content in the roots with phosphatic fertilizer better than nitrogenous fertilizer.Under the same experimental soil conditions,potash fertilizer alone is not good for the flavone and baicalin accumulation in the roots part.With baicalin as an important dictator for the quality of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,the N₂P₂K₀fertilization ratio treatment makes the baicalin content in the roots reach the highest.（4）The regression mathematical model analysis of the effects on the yield of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and baicalin content in the roots produces a predictable correlation function of the yield and baicalin content.Analyzed by Design-Expert 13,the best fertilization ratio for the highest yield and best quality is nitrogenous fertilizer at 101.48kg/hm²,phosphatic fertilizer at 211.50 kg/hm²,and potash fertilizer at 30.26 kg/hm²with the estimated yield reaching 5.30 T/hm²and baicalin content percentage 23.54%.This fertilization ratio is very close to N₃P₃K₁treatment.（5）Under the same experimental soil conditions,N,P,and K fertilizers all can increase the soil microbial population with N₀P₂K₂,N₃P₁K₃,and N₀P₀K₃making the population of soil bacteria,fungus,and actinomyces largest.Taking the effects on the soil enzymatic activity under different fertilization ratios,this thesis finds out that the N₃P₁K₃and N₃P₃K₁fertilization ratios can not only increase the soil microbial population but also improve the catalase,urease,sucrase,alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity and are the best ways to increase Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi yield and baicalin content in the roots as well as protect the soil environment.