| Taking Cabernet Sauvignon as the test material,combined with GC-IMS technology,this experiment explored the effects of different application rates of controlled-release fertilizer on the pre harvest growth,quality,yield,fruit and volatile components of wine,in order to provide a scientific basis for the high-quality and efficient cultivation of Cabernet Sauvignon in the eastern foot of Helan in Ningxia.The main results are as follows:(1)Fertilization can significantly improve the pre harvest growth,quality and yield of Cabernet Sauvignon fruit,and the treatment of controlled-release fertilizer is better than that of conventional fertilizer;Compared with conventional fertilization,the contents of soluble solids,total soluble sugars,tannins and total anthocyanins in fruits treated with controlled-release fertilizer increased,and 1300kg/hm2 was the best;In terms of yield increase,the yield of controlled-release fertilizer 1300kg/hm2 treatment increased by 11.22%compared with conventional fertilization.(2)In different stages of fruit growth and development,a total of 54 volatile substances were detected and 47 species were identified,mainly including aldehydes,alcohols,esters,ketones,terpenes and other substances,including 12 aldehydes(including trans-2-pentenoaldehyde and benzaldehyde dimer),9 alcohols,7 esters(including ethyl benzoate dimer),5 terpenes,5 ketones,4 acids and 5 others.(3)Fertilization treatments could promote the accumulation of flavor substances before fruit color conversion,and different fertilization treatments had no significant effect on the peak volume accumulation of various flavor substances;Compared with conventional fertilization,1300kg/hm-2 controlled-release fertilizer was more conducive to the formation and accumulation of heterocyclic substances such as alcohols,esters,terpenes and methylpyrazine;Fertilization was beneficial to the formation and accumulation of esters,aldehydes and terpenes during fruit ripening,but had little effect on the accumulation of alcohols,and 1300kg/hm2 treatment had the largest peak volume accumulation of volatile substances.(4)The peak volume of aldehydes increased from fruit color to harvest;The peak volumes of 3-methyl-3-butene-l-of in alcohols showed an increasing trend,while the peak volumes of(E)3-hexene-1-ol and phenylethanol remained within 300 during fruit development,and the peak volumes of furfuryl alcohol and 2,3-butanediol decreased during harvest;The peak volume of esters showed an increasing trend;Terpenoids are in a flat state except 4-terpenol and alpha terpineol;Acids showed an overall growth trend in different stages of fruit,and the volume of acetic acid peak was the largest;The peak volume of ketones increased or decreased with the development of fruit,and the peak volumes of 3-hydroxybutanone and 2-pentanone were the largest at the harvest stage;2-Acetylfuran and guaiacol showed an overall growth trend during fruit growth and development,while methyl pyrazine,trimethylpyrazine and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine showed a downward trend.(5)The contents of tannin,total phenol and anthocyanin in wine body under each fertilization treatment were significantly higher than those under no fertilization treatment,and the controlled-release fertilizer treatment was better than conventional fertilization.(6)A total of 53 volatile substances were detected in different brewing periods,and 44 were identified(including partial dimers),including 13 esters(including ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate dimer),12 alcohols(including 2-methyl-1-pentanol dimer),5 ketones,4 aldehydes,4 acids,3 terpenes and 3 others.The cumulative peak volume of esters,aldehydes and ketones in wine body increased under different fertilizer treatments,and the cumulative peak volume of wine body was the largest under 1300kg/hm2 controlled-release fertilizer treatment;The cumulative peak volume of terpenes did not change significantly,and remained between 102.61 and 137.54.The peak volume accumulation of acids was the highest under conventional fertilization treatment;Under different treatments,the cumulative peak volumes of 2-ethylfuran,2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine were the largest in the treatment of 1600kg/hm2 controlled-release fertilizer.(7)The typical score of wine body in the treatment of controlled-release fertilizer 1000kg/hm2 was the highest,and the score of wine body in the treatment of controlled-release fertilizer 1300kg/hm2 was the highest in aroma,taste and appearance.On the whole,the sensory evaluation of wine body in the treatment of controlled-release fertilizer was higher than that in the conventional fertilization,and the comprehensive score was 1300kg/hm2>1000kg/hm2>1600kg/hm2>Conventional fertilizer. |
PDF Full Text Request