Study On The Biological Properties Of Datura Stramonium L.

Datura stramonium L.is an annual herb of the genus Datura in Solanaceae with large and significant flowers,which is rich in resources and has high ornamental value.It’s distributed across the country.Presently,research on D.stramonium is focused on3 aspects: seed germination,chemical composition and pharmacology.However,studies on flower bud differentiation,morphological changes of floral organs,development process of pistil and stamen,relationship between pistil and stamen development and flower bud size still lack significant development.This effectively obstacles the development of breeding work.This experiment focuses on the phenology of D.stramonium in this region,adaptation of nutrient organ anatomical features to the environment,biology of flowering and the breeding system.It helps promoting the rational application of D.stramonium in garden cultivation in this region and complementing the research on the reproductive biology of D.stramonium,with the purpose of providing some scientific basis for promoting the selection and breeding of new varieties.The results of the study are as follows:1.In addition to seed traits,D.stramonium ‘old seeds’ were better than ‘new seeds’ in terms of germination and sprouting rate.The "old seeds" grown in the nutrient soil have the highest seedling rate and grow best.2.The D.stramonium phenology is divided into: seedling and seedling stage,bud stage,flowering stage,blooming stage,fruiting stage and wilting stage.The D.stramonium phenology is divided into: seedling and seedling stage,bud stage,flower initiation stage,blooming stage,fruiting stage and wilting stage.Bud stage is more concentrated 60 days after sowing and lasts for about one and a half months.Flower initiation stage from mid-July to early August and lasts for about half a month.Blooming stage is in August and lasts about one month.Fruiting stage is from the end of August to the end of September and lasts about one month.The wilting stage begins in early October and lasts about a month and a half.3.The flowering period of a single flower of D.stramonium is about 14-15 days.The opening time of a single flower lasts about 12 hours,and most D.stramonium flowers are found to open between 16:00 and 17:00,with some flowers remaining open until 21:00.4.Observing the anatomical structure of D.stramonium roots,stems and leaves reveals that D.stramonium plants are highly resistant to drought and cold.5.D.stramonium are hermaphrodite flowers.While flower bud differentiation process is proper,flower bud morphological differentiation stage comprises of undifferentiated stage,calyx differentiation stage,corolla differentiation stage,pistil differentiation stage and stamen differentiation stage.D.stramonium ovary has a 4-locular structure,the ovary is superior,the placentae are axial,the ovules are numerous,the ovules are anatropous,and the type of embryo sac development is polygonum.When the male gametophyte were grown in a proper way,its Anther wall would comprise of epidermis,intra-anther wall,middle layer and tapetum.The development type of tapetum is secretory tapetum.After anther maturation,the tapetum and middle layer cells occur disintegration and disappearance.Mature pollen grains are 2-cell pollen grains with 3 germination pores.Male and female gametes mature almost simultaneously.6.D.stramonium is a cross-breeding and self-breeding system.Its pollen viability and stigma receptivity are strongest when the flowers are open.Pollination is mainly by insects,with wind as a secondary pollinator.The main flower visiting insects are Osmia cornifrons,Dolycoris baccarum.